Heat Dissipation Improvement of Lithium Battery Pack with Liquid Cooling System Based on Response-Surface Optimization

Abstract

The battery temperature rise rate is significantly increased when a lithium battery pack is discharged at a high discharge rate or charged under high-temperature conditions. An excessively high temperature will have a great impact on battery safety. In this paper, a liquid cooling system for the battery module using a cooling plate as heat dissipation component is designed. The heat dissipation performance of the liquid cooling system was optimized by using response-surface methodology. First, the three-dimensional model of the battery module with liquid cooling system was established. Second, the influence factors of the liquid cooling effect of the battery module were analyzed. Then, the optimal conditions level and corresponding response values of the factors within the global range test were obtained by response-surface optimization design. The interaction among the different factors was analyzed, and thus the combination of the factors with optimal liquid cooling heat dissipation performance was achieved. Finally, the response value predicted by the optimal combination of influencing factors in response-surface optimization analysis was obtained. The results were compared with the results calculated by software simulation under the same conditions to verify the accuracy of optimization effect of response-surface model. The results were also compared with the maximum temperature and temperature difference results of battery pack obtained from the original model so as to evaluate the optimization effect of the response-surface method. The results showed that the feasibility and liability of response-surface optimization model can be verified. The response-surface optimization method can appropriately control the parameters that effectively reduce the heat generation of batteries, which is significant for the research of battery thermal management.