A New Procedure Based on Surface Renewal Analysis to Estimate Sensible Heat Flux: A Case Study over Grapevines

Abstract

Grapevines are grown on a range of soils and in different climates. Depending on the desired final product and method of harvesting, the trellis system, and hence vineyard architecture, varies dramatically. Consequently, the crop coefficients used to estimate vineyard evapotranspiration from reference evapotranspiration are less universal than for other crops. Evapotranspiration measurements are often limited because of a lack of fetch and unavailability of vine parameters required as input. In this paper, a new procedure based on surface renewal (SR) analysis was derived to estimate sensible heat flux over the grapevines. A two-dimensional sonic anemometer operating close to the canopy can provide the inputs required to estimate the sensible heat flux and the work of expansion of the air parcels under constant pressure. Regardless of the stability conditions, the SR estimates were comparable to those determined using the eddy covariance (EC) method providing a root-mean-square error of 14 W m?2 for all data. Thus, the procedure is low cost and makes SR a simpler method than EC to estimate latent heat flux as the residual of the energy balance equation in moderately tall and heterogeneous crops. The experiment was carried out at a site influenced by regional advection of sensible heat flux.