Journal of Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 4341-4360 of 6019
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A Laboratory Study of the Urban Heat Island in a Calm and Stably Stratified Environment. Part I: Temperature Field
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)An extensive and systematic water-tank study was performed to simulate the urban heat island under a calm and stably stratified environment. The objective was to examine the mean-temperature field, mixing height, and ... -
Low-Level Jet Climatology from Enhanced Rawinsonde Observations at a Site in the Southern Great Plains
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)A climatology of the Great Plains low-level jet (LLJ) is developed from 2 yr of research rawinsonde data obtained up to eight times per day at a site in north-central Oklahoma. These data have better height and time ... -
An Automated Neural Network Cloud Classifier for Use over Land and Ocean Surfaces
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)An automated neural network cloud classifier that functions over both land and ocean backgrounds is presented. Motivated by the development of a combined visible, infrared, and microwave rain-rate retrieval algorithm for ... -
Comparison of Water Vapor Measurements with Data Retrieved from ECMWF Analyses during the POLINAT Experiment
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)During the POLINAT (Pollution from Aircraft Emissions in the North Atlantic Flight Corridor) experiment, water vapor content was measured with a frost-point hygrometer on board the DLR (Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für ... -
Obscured Overcast Sky Radiance Distributions for Ultraviolet and Photosynthetically Active Radiation
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)Sky radiance measurements in the wavelength bands of ultraviolet-B (0.28?0.32 ?m), ultraviolet-A (0.32?0.40 ?m), and photosynthetically active radiation (0.40?0.70 ?m) were made under obscured overcast skies in a rural ... -
Estimating Overwater Convective Boundary Layer Height from Routine Meteorological Measurements for Diffusion Applications at Sea
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)On the basis of hourly measurements of wind and air and sea surface temperatures for at least 6 yr at three buoy stations in the eastern Gulf of Mexico, the onset of the free convection regime, which coincides with the ... -
Vertical Diffusion in the Lower Atmosphere Using Aircraft Measurements of 222Rn
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)Vertical profiles of 222Rn concentrations measured from 3 to 6 September 1995 in the northeastern United States, using a new radon instrument designed for aircraft measurements, are presented. A vertical diffusion model ... -
Treatment of Interfaces in Random Walk Dispersion Models
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)The problem of how to formulate random walk dispersion models in situations where the flow properties vary discontinuously across an interface is considered. It is shown how the dispersion model can be made consistent with ... -
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Construction of Marine Surface Pressure Fields from Scatterometer Winds Alone
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)A series of 6-h, synoptic, gridded, global surface wind fields with a resolution of 100 km was generated using the dataset of dealiased Seasat satellite scatterometer (SASS) winds produced as described by Peteherych et al. ... -
A New Methodology for Assimilation of Initial Soil Moisture Fields in Weather Prediction Models Using Meteosat and NOAA Data
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)In this study, a simple method is described and tested for deriving initial soil moisture fields for numerical weather prediction purposes using satellite imagery. Recently, an algorithm was developed to determine surface ... -
Universal Multifractals Do Exist!: Comments on “A Statistical Analysis of Mesoscale Rainfall as a Random Cascade”
(American Meteorological Society, 1997) -
Evaluation of Special Sensor Microwave/Imager Satellite Data for Regional Soil Moisture Estimation over the Red River Basin
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)Regional-scale estimation of soil moisture using in situ field observations is not possible due to problems with the representativeness of the sampling and costs. Remotely sensed satellite data are helpful in this regard. ... -
Observations of Spatial Variations of Boundary Layer Structure over the Southern Great Plains Cloud and Radiation Testbed
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)Results from a field campaign to study the response of the planetary boundary layer to spatially varying surface conditions are presented. Radiosondes released at four locations with contrasting land use characteristics ... -
Estimates of Root-Mean-Square Random Error for Finite Samples of Estimated Precipitation
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)The random errors contained in a finite set E of precipitation estimates result from both finite sampling and measurement?algorithm effects. The expected root-mean-square random error associated with the estimated average ... -
Surrogate Data to Estimate Crop-Hail Loss
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)Crop-hail insurance loss data for 1948?94 are useful as measures of the historical variability of damaging hail in those 26 states where most crop damages occur. However, longer records are needed for various scientific ... -
The Effect of Clouds on Water Vapor Profiling from the Millimeter-Wave Radiometric Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)Simultaneous measurements with the millimeter-wave imaging radiometer (MIR), cloud lidar system (CLS), and the MODIS airborne simulator (MAS) were made aboard the NASA ER-2 aircraft over the western Pacific Ocean on 17?18 ... -
An Empirical Model to Predict Widespread Occurrences of Contrails
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)The increases in total cloud amount documented for large regions during the latter half of the twentieth century have focused attention on the potential contribution from jet condensation trails (contrails). The environmental ... -
Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information Using Artificial Neural Networks
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)A system for Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks (PERSIANN) is under development at The University of Arizona. The current core of this system is an adaptive Artificial ... -
Improving Concentration Measures Used for Evaluating Air Quality Models
(American Meteorological Society, 1997)An unfortunate difficulty in model evaluation is that the concentration measure that most models predict, namely the ensemble mean concentration under the plume centerline (or at some location relative to the plume ...