Journal of Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 3561-3580 of 6019
-
Angular Distribution Models for Top-of-Atmosphere Radiative Flux Estimation from the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System Instrument on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Satellite. Part II: Validation
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiative fluxes from the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) are estimated from empirical angular distribution models (ADMs) that convert instantaneous radiance measurements to TOA ... -
A Method for Operational Detection of Daily Observation-Time Changes
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)A method to detect observation-time changes within weeks to months of their occurrence was developed using hourly observations from a set of 32 first-order stations across the United States. The procedure operationally ... -
VOC and O3 Distributions over the Densely Populated Area of Greater Athens, Greece
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)The horizontal and vertical distributions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and ozone (O3) concentrations within the lower troposphere over the greater Athens area, Greece, under sea-breeze conditions were studied. ... -
Dynamics of Air Pollution Transport in Late Wintertime over Kathmandu Valley, Nepal: As Revealed with Numerical Simulation
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Air pollution characteristics over the Kathmandu Valley in wintertime were numerically investigated by using a comprehensive transport?chemistry?deposition model of air pollutants together with the fifth-generation ... -
Development of a Land Surface Model. Part II: Data Assimilation
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Part I described a land surface model, its implementation in the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University?National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model (MM5), and some model evaluation results. Part II ... -
Heat Balance in the Nocturnal Boundary Layer during CASES-99
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)A unique set of nocturnal longwave radiative and sensible heat flux divergences was obtained during the 1999 Cooperative Atmosphere?Surface Exchange Study (CASES-99). These divergences are based on upward and downward ... -
The Meteorological Model BOLAM at the National Observatory of Athens: Assessment of Two-Year Operational Use
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Since November 1999, the hydrostatic meteorological Bologna Limited-Area Model (BOLAM) has been running operationally at the National Observatory of Athens. The assessment of the model forecast skill during the 2-yr period ... -
A Case Study of the Origin of Hail in a Multicell Thunderstorm Using In Situ Aircraft and Polarimetric Radar Data
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)An armored T-28 research aircraft made direct observations of the hydrometeors present at approximately the ?3°C temperature level in the inflow region of a multicell thunderstorm. During the penetration, both the Colorado ... -
The Gastropod Fast Radiative Transfer Model for Advanced Infrared Sounders and Characterization of Its Errors for Radiance Assimilation
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Principal aspects of the development of Gastropod, a fixed-pressure-grid fast radiative transfer model for the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS), are described. Performance of the forward and gradient operators is ... -
Urban-Effect Correction to Improve Accuracy of Spatially Interpolated Temperature Estimates in Korea
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Gridded temperature data are frequently used to run ecological models at regional scales and are routinely generated by spatially interpolating point observations at synoptic weather stations. If synoptic stations are ... -
Characterization of the Cloud-Topped Boundary Layer at the Synoptic Scale Using AVHRR Observations during the SEMAPHORE Experiment
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Satellite platforms NOAA-11 and -12 Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data are used during the daytime to study large sheets of stratocumulus over the North Atlantic Ocean. The application concerns an ... -
Terminal Doppler Weather Radar Observation of Atmospheric Flow over Complex Terrain during Tropical Cyclone Passages
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)A Terminal Doppler Weather Radar (TDWR) started operation in Hong Kong, China, in 1997 for monitoring wind shear associated with thunderstorms affecting the Hong Kong International Airport. The airport was built on land ... -
Comparison and Uncertainty of Aerosol Optical Depth Estimates Derived from Spectral and Broadband Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)An experimental comparison of spectral aerosol optical depth τa,? derived from measurements by two spectral radiometers [a LI-COR, Inc., LI-1800 spectroradiometer and a Centre Suisse d'Electronique et de Microtechnique ... -
Broadband Extinction Method to Determine Aerosol Optical Depth from Accumulated Direct Solar Radiation
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)There are two important problems in the aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrievals from hourly/daily/monthly accumulated pyrheliometer data, that is, how to select a suitable cosine of the solar zenith angle (?0) and how to ... -
Climate Effects on Corn Yield in Missouri
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Understanding climate effects on crop yield has been a continuous endeavor aiming at improving farming technology and management strategy, minimizing negative climate effects, and maximizing positive climate effects on ... -
A CFD Model for Simulating Urban Flow and Dispersion
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model is developed to simulate urban flow and dispersion, to understand fluid dynamical processes therein, and to provide practical solutions to some emerging problems ... -
Interannual Variability and Decadal Trend of Global Fractional Vegetation Cover from 1982 to 2000
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Fractional vegetation cover (FVC) is one of the most important variables in land surface modeling and also provides a continuous field to complement discrete land cover classification. A global 8-km FVC dataset for 1982?2000 ... -
Mathematical Aspects of the Meteorological Processing of Infrared Spectral Measurements from the GOES Sounder. Part III: Emissivity Estimation in Solving the Inverse Problem of Atmospheric Remote Sensing
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)To retrieve vertical profiles of temperature and moisture from infrared spectral measurements, surface emissivity must be accounted for in the physical solution of the inverse problem. A radiative model that includes the ... -
Accuracy and Variability of GPS Tropospheric Delay Measurements of Water Vapor in the Western Mediterranean
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)As a preliminary step for assessing the impact of global positioning system (GPS) refractive delay data in numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, the GPS zenith tropospheric delays (ZTDs) are analyzed from 51 permanent ... -
Sources of Data on Freezing Rain and Resulting Damages
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Freezing rain produces major damages each year in the United States, and various affected groups continue to seek data on the incidence and losses produced by freezing rain. The various kinds of data available about freezing ...