Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 421-440 of 865
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Predictions by Two One-Dimensional Cloud Models: A Comparison
(American Meteorological Society, 1985)Two one-dimensional steady-state models of cumulus convection in common use in weather modification research, the NOAA Experimental Meteorology Branch model (EMB) and the Great Plains Cumulus Model (GPCM), differ in their ... -
Behavior of Turbulence Statistics in the Convective Boundary Layer
(American Meteorological Society, 1985)Velocity variances in the convective boundary layer are examined using data derived in PBL experiments over land (Minnesota) and ocean (the Coral Sea) supported by data from the Kansas study of the surface boundary layer. ... -
An Analysis of Particulate Removal from the TITAN Rocket Exhaust Cloud
(American Meteorological Society, 1985)A simplified analytical model is developed to analyze the removal of A12O3 particles from the TITAN rocket exhaust cloud. The model incorporates the physical processes of deposition and impact collection and includes ... -
Temporal March of the Chicago Heat Island
(American Meteorological Society, 1985)Twenty years of records from Midway Airport, located within the City of Chicago, and Argonne National Laboratory, a rural site 23 km southwest of the airport, have been used to study the diurnal and seasonal variation in ... -
Statistical Analysis of Historical Climate Data Sets
(American Meteorological Society, 1985)The problem of determining confidence intervals for climatic signals using data sets with spatial and temporal sampling inhomogeneities is solved by a four-step process. First, the actual data set is analysed to determine ... -
Gamma Size Distribution and Stochastic Sampling Errors
(American Meteorological Society, 1985)A maximum likelihood approach to the application of the gamma size distribution is described and compared with the method of moments approach suggested by Ulbrich. Estimation of distribution parameters based on the maximum ... -
The Effects of Drop Size Distribution Truncation on Rainfall Integral Parameters and Empirical Relations
(American Meteorological Society, 1985)A description is given of a method of estimating the effects of truncating the raindrop size distribution (DSD) at lower and upper drop diameters Dmin and Dmax which assumes that the DSD can be approximated by a gamma ... -
Infrared Radiative Properties of Summertime Arctic Stratus Clouds
(American Meteorological Society, 1985)Aircraft measurements of infrared radiation and cloud microphysics that were collected during the June 1980 Arctic Stratus Experiment are presented and analyzed with the aid of an infrared radiative transfer model. The ... -
Remote Sensing of Cloud-Top Pressure Using Reflected Solar Radiation in the Oxygen A-Band
(American Meteorological Society, 1985)An algorithm has been developed for using the reflection of solar radiation in the oxygen A-band to determine cloud-top altitude. Because of multiple scattering and molecular absorption inside the cloud, the reflection of ... -
Temperature Profile Retrieval by Two-Dimensional Filtering
(American Meteorological Society, 1985)Satellite-borne radiometers have been used with increasing success to monitor geophysical parameters. The majority of the statistical retrieval schemes currently in use for estimating atmospheric temperature profiles are ... -
Satellite Measurement of Sea Surface Temperature in the Presence of Volcanic Aerosols
(American Meteorological Society, 1985)Simulation studies have shown that volcanic aerosols in the stratosphere, such as those produced by the eruption of El Chichón, significantly affect satellite measurements in the three AVHRR thermal window channels centered ... -
Transmission Model and Ground-Truth Investigation of Satellite-Derived Sea Surface Temperatures
(American Meteorological Society, 1985)A band model of atmospheric transmission is used to investigate some of the multichannel sea surface temperature (MCSST) algorithms that are currently in use. The model is used with a set of atmospheric data to derive ... -
Streamflow Variability in the United States: 1931–78
(American Meteorological Society, 1985)Systematic modes of spatial and temporal variation in a 48-year record of streamflow are defined using principal components. The components were calculated from a matrix of annual streamflow departures for 106 grid cells ... -
A Proposed Index for Mesoscale Activity
(American Meteorological Society, 1985)The diurnal and interdiural wind variabilities are defined in terms of the ?relative gustiness? ?σ?/V?. The proportion α between the diurnal and the interdiurnal variabilities thus defined is suggested as a useful index ... -
An Assessment of Wave Observations from Ships in Southern Oceans
(American Meteorological Society, 1985)Observations of wind waves and swell from ship reports are investigated. Comparisons are made between estimates of wave parameters made from ships in southern oceans by calculating correlations as a function of ship ... -
Effect of Deviations from the Marshall-Palmer Drop Size Distribution on the Calculation of Vertical Air Velocity by Rogers's Method
(American Meteorological Society, 1985)In 1964, R.R. Rogers proposed a method for estimating vertical air velocity in rainfall which is based on the Marshall-Palmer raindrop size distribution. Many investigators have shown that there are deviations from the ... -
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A Statistical–Meteorological Evaluation of Two Operational Seeding Projects
(American Meteorological Society, 1985)As part of research concerned with operational seeding and evaluation techniques, analyses were made of two warm-season seeding projects involving rainfall enhancement: a 5-year (1975?79) aircraft seeding program conducted ... -
Maximum Surface Albedo of Seasonally Snow-Covered Lands in the Northern Hemisphere
(American Meteorological Society, 1985)Areally weighted clear sky surface albedo of snow-covered land in the middle and high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere was measured from satellite imagery in A 1?1° latitude-longitude cells. The study area included 87% ... -
Evapotranspiration Derived from Satellite Observed Surface Temperatures
(American Meteorological Society, 1985)Evapotranspiration is calculated from surface temperatures using an energy balance method. This method is sensitive to the temperature difference between the surface and the air above, and somewhat to the windspeed. In ...