Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions

Now showing items 401-420 of 865

    • An Estimate of the Climatological Heat Fluxes over the Tropical Pacific Ocean 

      Reed, R. K. (American Meteorological Society, 1985)
      Weather reports for the 1970s decade were used to derive the mean annual distributions of surface properties and to compute the surface fluxes of heat over the tropical Pacific Ocean. The net heat flux obtained was greater ...

    • Seasonal Temperature Forecasts as Products of Antecedent Linear and Spatial Temperature Arrays 

      Lawson, Merlin P.; Cerveny, Randall S. (American Meteorological Society, 1985)
      Our objective is to evaluate the potential for extracting the maximum information contained in antecedent temperature patterns that operationally could be used in formulating winter seasonal forecasts in the United States. ...

    • Lidar Observations of Vertically Organized Convection in the Planetary Boundary Layer over the Ocean 

      Melfi, S. H.; Spinhirne, J. D.; Chou, S-H.; Palm, S. P. (American Meteorological Society, 1985)
      Observations of a convective planetary boundary layer (PBL) were made with an airborne, downward-looking lidar system over the Atlantic Ocean during a cold air outbreak. The lidar data revealed well-organized, regularly ...

    • Relationships between Measured and Satellite-Estimated Solar Irradiance in Texas 

      Dugas, William A.; Heuer, Mark L. (American Meteorological Society, 1985)
      The accuracy of satellite-estimated surface solar irradiance and the relationship between irradiance at pairs of locations and distance between the pairs were examined. Daily measured and satellite-estimated irradiances ...

    • Climatic Trends in the Southern Hemisphere 

      Mo, Kingtse C.; Van Loon, Harry (American Meteorological Society, 1985)
      Observations of monthly mean sea level pressure, surface air temperature, and 500 mb and 300 mb geopotential heights and temperatures are used to study trends in the Southern Hemisphere from 1951?81. The winter mean sea ...

    • The Effect of a Solar Perturbation on a Global Climate Model 

      Sellers, William D. (American Meteorological Society, 1985)
      A quasi-three-dimensional global climate model is used to study the effect of a transient change in solar radiation on the model's climate. The solar constant is decreased abruptly by 5 percent in the 10th year of a 50-year ...

    • Deriving Surface Winds from Satellite Observations of Low-Level Cloud Motions 

      Sadler, James C.; Kilonsky, B. J. (American Meteorological Society, 1985)
      Climatological shears between ship winds and satellite-observed, low-level cloud motions are used to derive monthly mean surface winds from satellite observations of low-level cloud drift. The derived surface winds compare ...

    • Evolution of the Nocturnal Inversion Layer at an Urban and Nonurban Location 

      Godowitch, J. M.; Ching, J. K. S.; Clarke, J. F. (American Meteorological Society, 1985)
      The evolutionary cycle of the nocturnal radiation inversion layer, from formation through the time of erosion under fair weather summer conditions was investigated by time-series analyses of observations of inversion base ...

    • Atmospheric Turbidity at Tucson, Arizona, 1956–83: Variations and Their Causes 

      Szymber, R. J.; Sellers, W. D. (American Meteorological Society, 1985)
      Solar radiation data collected over the last 27 years at the University of Arizona have been analyzed to determine the major causes of time variations in the local turbidity of the atmosphere. The most extreme perturbations ...

    • Comments on “Effects of the Boussinesq Approximation on the Results of Strongly-Buoyant Plume Calculations” 

      Kumar, Ashok (American Meteorological Society, 1985)
      No abstract available.

    • A New Technique for Inferring Surface Albedo from Satellite Observations 

      Pinty, B.; Szejwach, G. (American Meteorological Society, 1985)
      A technique for inferring the spatial and seasonal albodo changes over a whole climatic region from satellite data is developed. This technique uses the diurnal variation of radiances which is measured by geostationary ...

    • Sampling Errors in Flux Measurements of Slowly Depositing Pollutants 

      O'Brien, Edward E. (American Meteorological Society, 1985)
      Sampling errors in vertical flux measurements obtained by eddy correlation methods are investigated by specifying a jointly normal?lognormal density distribution for the vertical velocity and scalar concentration. The ...

    • Statistical Aspects of Estimated Principal Vectors (EOFs) Based on small Sample Sizes 

      von Storch, Hans; Hannoschöck, Gerhard (American Meteorological Society, 1985)
      Statistical properties of estimated nonisotropic principal vectors [empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs)] are reviewed and discussed. The standard eigenvalue estimator is nonnormally distributed and biased: the largest ...

    • Simultaneous Occurrence of Different Cloud Types 

      Warren, Stephen G.; Hahn, Carole J.; London, Julius (American Meteorological Society, 1985)
      Cloud observations from land stations and from ships in the ocean are used to investigate the frequency of observation and the co-occurrence of different cloud types, and the geographical and seasonal variations of these ...

    • The LCL Zone and Cumulus Onset 

      Wilde, Nicholas P.; Stull, Roland B.; Eloranta, Edwin W. (American Meteorological Society, 1985)
      Variations of the lifting condensation level (LCL) of surface layer air are documented based on data from the BLX83 field experiment in Oklahoma. For example, within a 25 km long region near Chickasha, the local LCL height ...

    • Markov Models in Discrete and Continuous Time for Hourly Observations of Cloud Cover 

      Madsen, Henrik; Spliid, Henrik; Thyregod, Poul (American Meteorological Society, 1985)
      An analysis of 15 years of hourly observations of cloud cover at an airport location near Copenhagen, Denmark shows that the main part of the variations can be described by first-order homogeneous Markov models. Models in ...

    • Airborne Doppler Radar Observations of a Convective Storm 

      Ray, Peter S.; Jorgensen, David P.; Wang, Sue-Lee (American Meteorological Society, 1985)
      Airborne Doppler radar can collect data on target storms that are quite widely dispersed. However, the relatively long time required to sample an individual storm in detail, particularly with a single aircraft, and the ...

    • Windspeed Analyses of Tornadoes Based on Structural Damage 

      Wolde-Tinsae, Amde M.; Porter, Max L.; McKeown, Donald I. (American Meteorological Society, 1985)
      Documentation is presented for the tornadoes of 28 June 1979 in the Iowa towns of Manson and Algona. Analyses of failed engineered and nonengineered structures are presented with an emphasis on those studies of observed ...

    • Global 3D-Nephanalysis of Total Cloud Amount: Climatology for 1979 

      Hughes, N. A.; Henderson-Sellers, A. (American Meteorological Society, 1985)
      A one-year global total cloud amount climatology has been compiled from the U.S. Air Force's three-dimensional nephanalysis cloud archive. The derived cloud distributions are shown to be reliable and in good agreement with ...

    • The Sublimation of Dry Ice Pellets Used for Cloud Seeding 

      Kochtubajda, B.; Lozowski, E. P. (American Meteorological Society, 1985)
      A numerical model has been developed to investigate the sublimation rate of cylindrical dry ice pellets in clear and cloudy air. Experiments conducted in the University of Alberta FROST icing-wind tunnel were used to make ...