Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 2461-2480 of 2722
-
Gust Factors and Turbulence Intensities for the Tropical Cyclone Environment
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)Gust factors are used to convert peak wind speeds averaged over a relatively short period (e.g., 3 s) to mean wind speeds averaged over a relatively long reference period (e.g., 1 h) or vice versa. Such conversions are ... -
A Spatial Analysis of Radar Reflectivity Regions within Hurricane Charley (2004)
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)Regions of 35-dBZ radar reflectivity returns are examined within a landfalling hurricane to determine whether these regions are composed of stratiform, convective, or transition-type precipitation. After calculating spatial ... -
An Observational and Modeling Study of Characteristics of Urban Heat Island and Boundary Layer Structures in Beijing
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)In this paper, the characteristics of urban heat island (UHI) and boundary layer structures in the Beijing area, China, are analyzed using conventional and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) observations. ... -
Neural Network Model to Predict a Storm Surge
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)The southeastern coast of Brazil is frequently affected by meteorological disturbances such as cold fronts, which are sometimes associated with intense extratropical cyclones. These disturbances cause oscillations on the ... -
Getting the Most out of Ensemble Forecasts: A Valuation Model Based on User–Forecast Interactions
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)A flexible theoretical model of perceived forecast value is proposed that explicitly includes the effects of user and ensemble characteristics and their interactions. The model can be applied to arbitrary decision problems ... -
Advanced Rain/No-Rain Classification Methods for Microwave Radiometer Observations over Land
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)Seto et al. developed rain/no-rain classification (RNC) methods over land for the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI). In this study, the methods are modified for application to other microwave ... -
Evaluation of the Simple Urban Energy Balance Model Using Selected Data from 1-yr Flux Observations at Two Cities
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)The authors? objective was to apply the Simple Urban Energy Balance Model for Mesoscale Simulation (SUMM) to cities. Data were selected from 1-yr flux observations conducted at three sites in two cities: one site in Kugahara, ... -
Evaluation of Coincident Passive Microwave Rainfall Estimates Using TRMM PR and Ground Measurements as References
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)This study compares instantaneous rainfall estimates provided by the current generation of retrieval algorithms for passive microwave sensors using retrievals from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation ... -
What Should Be Considered When Simulating Doppler Velocities Measured by Ground-Based Weather Radars?
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)A sophisticated and flexible simulator of Doppler velocities measured by ground-based weather radars is appended to a high-resolution nonhydrostatic atmospheric model. Sensitivity experiments are conducted by using different ... -
Effect of Cavities on the Optical Properties of Bullet Rosettes: Implications for Active and Passive Remote Sensing of Ice Cloud Properties
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)Bullet rosette particles are common in ice clouds, and the bullets may often be hollow. Here the single-scattering properties of randomly oriented hollow bullet rosette ice particles are investigated. A bullet, which is ... -
Operational Multiple-Doppler Wind Retrieval Inferred from Long-Range Radial Velocity Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)The recent deployment of an innovative triple pulse rise time (PRT) scheme within the French operational radar network allows for the simultaneous collection of reflectivity and radial velocity measurements up to a range ... -
A Preliminary Analysis of Spatial Variability of Raindrop Size Distributions during Stratiform Rain Events
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)The spatial variability of raindrop size distributions (DSDs) and precipitation fields is investigated utilizing disdrometric measurements from the four Precipitation Occurrence Sensor Systems (POSS) and radar reflectivity ... -
The Vertical Profile of Liquid and Ice Water Content in Midlatitude Mixed-Phase Altocumulus Clouds
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)The microphysical properties of mixed-phase altocumulus clouds are investigated using in situ airborne measurements acquired during the ninth Cloud Layer Experiment (CLEX-9) over a midlatitude location. Approximately ? of ... -
A Cloud and Precipitation Feature Database from Nine Years of TRMM Observations
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)An event-based method of analyzing the measurements from multiple satellite sensors is presented by using observations of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation radar (PR), Microwave Imager (TMI), ... -
Optimization of the Regional Spatial Distribution of Wind Power Plants to Minimize the Variability of Wind Energy Input into Power Supply Systems
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)In contrast to conventional power generation, wind energy is not a controllable resource because of its stochastic nature, and the cumulative energy input of several wind power plants into the electric grid may cause ... -
Gazing at Cirrus Clouds for 25 Years through a Split Window. Part I: Methodology
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)This paper demonstrates that the split-window approach for estimating cloud properties can improve upon the methods commonly used for generating cloud temperature and emissivity climatologies from satellite imagers. Because ... -
Limitations of Bispectral Infrared Cloud Phase Determination and Potential for Improvement
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)Determining cloud thermodynamic phase using infrared satellite observations typically requires a priori assumptions about relationships between cloud phase and cloud temperature. In this study, limitations of an approach ... -
Concerning the Measurement and Magnitude of Heat, Water Vapor, and Carbon Dioxide Exchange from a Semiarid Grassland
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)Grassland environments constitute approximately 40% of the earth?s vegetated surface, and they play a key role in a number of processes linking the land surface with the atmosphere. To investigate these linkages, a variety ... -
Aggregate Terminal Velocity/Temperature Relations
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)Terminal velocities of snow aggregates in storms along the Front Range in eastern Colorado are examined with a ground-based two-dimensional video disdrometer. Power-law relationships for particles having equivalent volume ... -
Inclusion of a Drag Approach in the Town Energy Balance (TEB) Scheme: Offline 1D Evaluation in a Street Canyon
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)The Town Energy Balance module bridges the micro- and mesoscale and simulates local-scale urban surface energy balance for use in mesoscale meteorological models. Previous offline evaluations show that this urban module ...