Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1601-1620 of 2722
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Projecting “Normals” in a Nonstationary Climate
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)limate ?normals? are statistical estimates of present and/or near-future climate means for such quantities as seasonal temperature or precipitation. In a changing climate, simply averaging a large number of previous years ... -
Amazonian Deforestation: Impact of Global Warming on the Energy Balance and Climate
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)coupled biosphere?atmosphere statistical?dynamical model is used to study the relative roles of the impact of the land change caused by tropical deforestation and global warming on energy balance and climate. Three experiments ... -
Observational Occurrence of Tropical Cyclone Ducts from GPS Dropsonde Data
(American Meteorological Society, 2013)n the basis of global positioning system dropsonde data, Japan Meteorology Agency Regional Spectral Model analysis data, National Centers for Environmental Prediction reanalysis data, satellite products from the Naval ... -
Prediction of Rice Production in the Philippines Using Seasonal Climate Forecasts
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)redictive skills of retrospective seasonal climate forecasts (hindcasts) tailored to Philippine rice production data at national, regional, and provincial levels are investigated using precipitation hindcasts from one ... -
Observational Assessment of Nonlocal Heat Flux Feedback in the North Atlantic by GEFA
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)ost previous studies have proven the local negative heat flux feedback (the surface heat flux response to SST anomalies) in the midlatitude areas. However, it is uncertain whether a nonlocal heat flux feedback can be ... -
The Effect of Variable Sea Surface Temperature on Forecasting Sea Fog and Sea Breezes: A Case Study
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)preliminary study of the effect of sea surface temperature (SST) temporal and spatial variability on regional coastal weather forecasts is described. A high-resolution numerical weather forecast model from the Met Office ... -
Two Experiments on Using a Scintillometer to Infer the Surface Fluxes of Momentum and Sensible Heat
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)traditional use of scintillometry is to infer path-averaged values of the turbulent surface fluxes of sensible heat Hs and momentum τ (, where ? is air density and u* is the friction velocity). Many scintillometer setups, ... -
Climatology-Focused Evaluation of CMORPH and TMPA Satellite Rainfall Products over the Nile Basin
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)ith many operational satellite rainfall products being available for long periods, it is now possible to examine whether these products can reproduce climatologically known rainfall characteristics over large river basins ... -
Observing Local-Scale Variability of Near-Surface Temperature and Humidity Using a Wireless Sensor Network
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)n this paper the influence of surface type, wind speed, and other environmental conditions on near-surface air temperature, specific humidity, and surface temperature is studied. A wireless sensor network consisting of 13 ... -
Wind Speeds at Heights Crucial for Wind Energy: Measurements and Verification of Forecasts
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)ind speed measurements from one year from meteorological towers and wind turbines at heights between 20 and 250 m for various European sites are analyzed and are compared with operational short-term forecasts of the global ... -
An Enhanced Geostationary Satellite–Based Convective Initiation Algorithm for 0–2-h Nowcasting with Object Tracking
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)his paper describes an enhanced 0?2-h convective initiation (CI) nowcasting algorithm known as Satellite Convection Analysis and Tracking, version 2 (SATCASTv2). Tracking of developing cumulus cloud ?objects? in advance ... -
Significant Decrease of Uncertainties in Sensible Heat Flux Simulation Using Temporally Variable Aerodynamic Roughness in Two Typical Forest Ecosystems of China
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)erodynamic roughness length zom is an important parameter for reliably simulating surface fluxes. It varies with wind speed, atmospheric stratification, terrain, and other factors. However, it is usually considered a ... -
Human Energy Budget Modeling in Urban Parks in Toronto and Applications to Emergency Heat Stress Preparedness
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)he current study tests applications of the Comfort Formula (COMFA) energy budget model by assessing the moderating effects of urban parks in contrast to streets, and it also looks at the influence of park types (?open? or ... -
Examination of Effective Dielectric Constants of Nonspherical Mixed-Phase Hydrometeors
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)he validity of the effective dielectric constant ?eff for nonspherical mixed-phase particles is tested by comparing the scattering parameters of ice?water mixtures for oblate and prolate spheroids obtained from the ... -
A Parametric Radiative Forcing Model for Contrail Cirrus
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)new parameterized analytical model is presented to compute the instantaneous radiative forcing (RF) at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) produced by an additional thin contrail cirrus layer (called ?contrail? below). The ... -
Tractable Analytic Expressions for the Wind Speed Probability Density Functions Using Expansions of Orthogonal Polynomials
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)he use of the two-parameter Weibull function as an estimator of the wind speed probability density function (PDF) is known to be problematic when a high accuracy of fit is required, such as in the computation of the wind ... -
New Methods toward Minimizing the Slow Speed Bias Associated with Atmospheric Motion Vectors
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)omparisons between satellite-derived winds and collocated rawinsonde observations often show a pronounced slow speed bias at mid- and upper levels of the atmosphere. A leading cause of the slow speed bias is the improper ... -
A Continental-Scale Classification of Rainfall Seasonality Regimes in Africa Based on Gridded Precipitation and Land Surface Temperature Products
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)classification of rainfall seasonality regimes in Africa was derived from gridded rainfall and land surface temperature products. By adapting a method that goes back to Walter and Lieth?s approach of presenting climatic ... -
Comparing Ship-Track Droplet Sizes Inferred from Terra and Aqua MODIS Data
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)n this study of ship tracks, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) measurements from late-morning (Terra) and early-afternoon (Aqua) Earth Observing System platforms are analyzed in five separate geographically ... -
African Rainfall Climatology Version 2 for Famine Early Warning Systems
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)his paper describes a new gridded, daily 29-yr precipitation estimation dataset centered over Africa at 0.1° spatial resolution. Called the African Rainfall Climatology, version 2 (ARC2), it is a revision of the first ...