Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1581-1600 of 2722
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Relationships between Snow and the Wintertime Minneapolis Urban Heat Island
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)rban heat islands (UHIs) are one of the best-recorded incidences of anthropogenic climate change. Studies from across the globe have examined this phenomenon, but relatively few have focused on cold-winter cities and the ... -
The Annual Cycle of Earth Radiation Budget from Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) Data
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)he seasonal cycle of the Earth radiation budget is investigated by use of data from the Clouds and the Earth?s Radiant Energy System (CERES). Monthly mean maps of reflected solar flux and Earth-emitted flux on a 1° equal-angle ... -
A Climatological Study of the Nocturnal Boundary Layer over a Complex-Terrain Station
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)wo years of Doppler sodar measurements are used to study the time?height structure of the nocturnal boundary layer (NBL), its seasonal variation, and the characteristics of different types of NBL. A total of 220 clear-sky ... -
Diurnal and Seasonal Cycles of Cloud Occurrences, Types, and Radiative Impact over West Africa
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)his study focuses on the occurrence and type of clouds observed in West Africa, a subject that has been neither much documented nor quantified. It takes advantage of data collected above Niamey, Niger, in 2006 with the ... -
Influence of Humidified Aerosol on Lidar Depolarization Measurements below Ice-Precipitating Arctic Stratus
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)idar measurements obtained during the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean (SHEBA) experiment under a mixed-phase stratus cloud that was lightly precipitating ice show a range of surprisingly low depolarization ratios ... -
Characterization of Energy Flux Partitioning in Urban Environments: Links with Surface Seasonal Properties
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)better understanding of links between the properties of the urban environment and the exchange to the atmosphere is central to a wide range of applications. The numerous measurements of surface energy balance data in urban ... -
ClimateWNA—High-Resolution Spatial Climate Data for Western North America
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)his study addresses the need to provide comprehensive historical climate data and climate change projections at a scale suitable for, and readily accessible to, researchers and resource managers. This database for western ... -
Doppler Lidar–Based Wind-Profile Measurement System for Offshore Wind-Energy and Other Marine Boundary Layer Applications
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)ccurate measurement of wind speed profiles aloft in the marine boundary layer is a difficult challenge. The development of offshore wind energy requires accurate information on wind speeds above the surface at least at the ... -
A Comparison of Perturbed Initial Conditions and Multiphysics Ensembles in a Severe Weather Episode in Spain
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)nsembles of numerical model forecasts are of interest to operational early warning forecasters as the spread of the ensemble provides an indication of the uncertainty of the alerts, and the mean value is deemed to outperform ... -
An Investigation of a Commercial Aircraft Encounter with Severe Clear-Air Turbulence over Western Greenland
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)his study presents digital flight data recorder (DFDR) analyses and high-resolution numerical simulations relevant to a severe clear-air turbulence (CAT) encounter over western Greenland by a Boeing 777 aircraft at 10-km ... -
Empirical Downscaling of High-Resolution Regional Precipitation from Large-Scale Reanalysis Fields
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)his study describes an EOF-based technique for statistical downscaling of high-spatial-resolution monthly-mean precipitation from large-scale reanalysis circulation fields. The method is demonstrated and evaluated for four ... -
Precipitation Bragg Scatter in Radar Observations at Nadir
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)s precipitation sediments and interacts with turbulence, spatial structures appear as the familiar ?streamers? of precipitation sweeping across the road during a thunderstorm or like those so obvious in snow that is backlit. ... -
Estimating Continuous-Coverage Instantaneous Precipitation Rates Using Remotely Sensed and Ground-Based Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)his study demonstrates a method of temporally and spatially scaling precipitation rates at low probability of precipitation-rate exceedance levels (e.g., 0.1%) from coarser-resolution global datasets to near-instantaneous ... -
Seasonal and Diurnal Variations in Aerosol Concentration on Whistler Mountain: Boundary Layer Influence and Synoptic-Scale Controls
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)mountain air chemistry observatory has been operational on the summit of Whistler Mountain in British Columbia, Canada, since 2002. A 1-yr dataset of condensation nuclei (CN) concentration from this site has been analyzed ... -
Impact of Flow-Dependent Horizontal Diffusion on Resolved Convection in AROME
(American Meteorological Society, 2011)orizontal diffusion in numerical weather prediction models is, in general, applied to reduce numerical noise at the smallest atmospheric scales. In convection-permitting models, with horizontal grid spacing on the order ... -
Study of Horizontally Oriented Ice Crystals with CALIPSO Observations and Comparison with Monte Carlo Radiative Transfer Simulations
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)ata from the Cloud?Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) indicate that horizontally oriented ice crystals (HOIC) occur frequently in both ice and mixed-phase clouds. When compared with the case for clouds ... -
Spatializing Growth Suitability for Spring Soybean Cultivation in Northeast China
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)n this paper, an integrated indicator-based system is established to map the suitability of spring soybean cultivation in northeast China. The indicator system incorporates both biophysical and socioeconomic factors, ... -
Temporal and Spatial Aspects of Velocity Variance in the Urban Surface Roughness Layer
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)ata from six urban areas in a nationwide network of sites within the surface roughness layer are examined. It is found that the average velocity variances in time, derived by averaging the conventional variances from a ... -
Radiative Flux Estimation from a Broadband Radiometer Using Synthetic Angular Models in the EarthCARE Mission Framework. Part II: Evaluation
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)he instantaneous top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiance-to-flux conversion for the broadband radiometer (BBR) on board the Earth Clouds, Aerosols, and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE) was assessed in Part I of this paper, by ... -
Another Look at the Refractive Index Structure Function
(American Meteorological Society, 2012)his paper discusses the derivation of the refractive index structure function. It shows that the traditional formulation, which is based on the hydrostatic assumption, leads to increasing errors with height when compared ...