Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Recent submissions

Now showing items 861-880 of 5084

    • An Automated Sequential Syringe Sampler for Atmospheric Tracer Studies 

      Krasnec, Joseph P.; Demaray, David E.; Lamb, Brian; Benner, Richard (American Meteorological Society, 1984)
      The design of an improved sampler for the automatic collection of air samples during atmospheric halogenated tracer experiments is described. In this approach, each sample is collected in a small volume (20 to 150 ml) ...

    • The Pressure Gradient Conundrum of Sigma Coordinate Ocean Models 

      Mellor, G. L.; Ezer, T.; Oey, L-Y. (American Meteorological Society, 1994)
      Much has been written of the error in computing the horizontal pressure gradient associated with sigma coordinates in ocean or atmospheric numerical models. There also exists the concept of ?hydrostatic inconsistency? ...

    • Orbital Velocities Induced by Surface Waves 

      Shay, Lynn K.; Walsh, Edward J.; Zhang, Pen Chen (American Meteorological Society, 1994)
      During the third intensive observational period of the Surface Wave Dynamics Experiment (SWADE), an aircraft-based experiment was conducted on 5 March 1991 by deploying slow-fall airborne expendable current profilers (AXCPs) ...

    • Directional Wave Spectra from a Swath Ship at Sea 

      Drennan, W. M.; Donelan, M. A.; Madsen, N.; Katsaros, K. B.; Terray, E. A.; Flagg, C. N. (American Meteorological Society, 1994)
      During the Surface Wave Dynamics Experiment (SWADE), the swath ship Frederick G. Creed was equipped with an array of wave staffs for the estimation of wave directional spectra. This paper reports on the first such estimates ...

    • The Use of the Inertial Dissipation Technique for Shipboard Wind Stress Determination 

      Yelland, Margaret J.; Taylor, Peter K.; Consterdine, Ian E.; Smith, Michael H. (American Meteorological Society, 1994)
      Consideration of the inertial dissipation method for routine wind stress estimation suggests that the most significant errors are likely to be changes in height of the airflow before reaching the anemometers, and errors ...

    • RAFOS Floats: Defining and Targeting Surfaces of Neutral Buoyancy 

      Swift, Dana D.; Riser, Stephen C. (American Meteorological Society, 1994)
      For timescales much greater than the local buoyancy period, the buoyant response of a RAFOS float is virtually dictated by its compressibility. As the compressibility of a thermally inert RAFOS float increases from zero, ...

    • Determination of Longwave Heat Flux at the Air-Sea Interface Using Measurements from Buoy Platforms 

      Dickey, T. D.; Manov, D. V.; Weller, R. A.; Siegel, D. A. (American Meteorological Society, 1994)
      A theory for pyrgeometer operation is utilized for determining downwelling longwave radiation. Errors in downwelling longwave radiation measurements are due to differences in pyrgeometer body and dome temperatures compared ...

    • Corrigendum 

      Jameson Gerald, A. R. (American Meteorological Society, 1994)
      Correction to Volume 11, Issue 2, pages 299-310.

    • Comments on “Correction” of Inertial Navigation with Loran C on NOAA's P-3 Aircraft” 

      Leach, Barrie W.; Macpherson, J. Ian (American Meteorological Society, 1994)
      A recent paper by Masters and Leise that addresses the problem of correcting inertial navigation data using Loran C describes another variation on the traditional approach that has been used by researchers in the airborne ...

    • Detecting Ice Nuclei with a Continuous—Flow Diffusion Chamber-Some Exploratory Tests of Instrument Response 

      Rogers, David C. (American Meteorological Society, 1994)
      A few basic experiments were performed with artificial cloud condensation nuclei and ice-nucleating aerosols in a continuous-flow thermal gradient diffusion chamber to investigate the instrument's response. Brief pulses ...

    • The Ground-Truth Problem for Satellite Estimates of Rain Rate 

      North, Gerald R.; Valdés, Juan B.; Ha, Eunho; Shen, Samuel S. P. (American Meteorological Society, 1994)
      In this paper a scheme is proposed to use a point raingage to compare contemporaneous measurements of rain rate from a single-field-of-view estimate based on a satellite remote sensor such as a microwave radiometer. Even ...

    • The Harp Probe: An In Situ Bragg Scattering Sensor 

      Mollo-Christensen, E.; Huang, N. E.; Bliven, L. F.; Long, S. R. (American Meteorological Society, 1984)
      A wave sensor, consisting of parallel, evenly spaced capacitance wires, whose output is the sum of the water surface deflections at the wires, has been built and tested in a wave tank. The probe output simulates Bragg ...

    • Statistical Detection of Anomalous Propagation in Radar Reflectivity Patterns 

      Moszkowicz, Stanislaw; Ciach, Grzegorz J.; Krajewski, Witold F. (American Meteorological Society, 1994)
      The problem of anomalous propagation (AP) echoes in weather radar observations has become especially important now that rainfall data from fully automatic radar systems are sometimes applied in operational hydrology. ...

    • How Far is Far Enough?: The Fetch Requirements for Micrometeorological Measurement of Surface Fluxes 

      Horst, T. W.; Weil, J. C. (American Meteorological Society, 1994)
      Recent model estimates of the flux footprint are used to examine the fetch requirements for accurate micro-meteorological measurement of surface fluxes of passive, conservative scalars within the surface flux layer. The ...

    • The Calibration of ERS-1 Satellite Scatterometer Winds 

      Offiler, D. (American Meteorological Society, 1994)
      During the period mid-September to mid-December 1991, the RENE-91 campaign took place off the of Norway. Extensive in situ measurements of winds and waves were made from several platforms in order to calibrate thew parameters ...

    • The Accuracy of RASS Temperature Measurements Corrected for Vertical Air Motion 

      Moran, K. P.; Strauch, R. G. (American Meteorological Society, 1994)
      Temperature measurements made with a 50-MHz wind profiler equipped with a radio acoustic sounding system (RASS) are compared with radiosonde observations (raobs) during a 5-week period in the fall of 1991. The accuracy of ...

    • Influence of Tropospheric Water Vapor Corrections on Geosat Altimetry in the North Atlantic Ocean 

      Didden, Norbert; Stammer, Detlef (American Meteorological Society, 1994)
      Cicosal sea surface height (SSH) data in the tropical and midlatitude North Atlantic are analyzed with and without water vapor (WV) correction to study the WV influence on along-track SSH anomaly profits, mesoscale SSH ...

    • Measurements of Humidity and Temperature in the Marine Environment during the HEXOS Main Experiment 

      Katsaros, K.B.; DeCosmo, J.; Lind, R.J.; Anderson, R.J.; Smith, S.D.; Kraan, R.; Oost, W.; Uhlig, K.; Mestayer, P.G.; Larsen, S.E.; Smith, M.H.; De Leeuw, G. (American Meteorological Society, 1994)
      Accurate measurement of fluctuations in temperature and humidity are needed for determination of the surface evaporation rate and the air-sea sensible heat flux using either the eddy correlation or inertial dissipation ...

    • Analysis of the Copolar Correlation Coefficient between Horizontal and Vertical Polarizations 

      Liu, L.; Bringi, V. N.; Chandrasekar, V.; Mueller, E. A.; Mudukutore, A. (American Meteorological Society, 1994)
      Recent research has suggested that the copolar correlation coefficient termed ?h?(0) can be used to identity large hail and improve polarization estimates of rainfall. The typical measured values of ?h?(0) at S band vary ...

    • Transformation of Dual-Polarized Radar Measurements to Arbitrary Polarization Bases 

      Chandrasekar, V.; Hubbert, J.; Bringi, V. N.; Meischner, P. F. (American Meteorological Society, 1994)
      A fully polarimetric radar system consists of an orthogonal dual-polarized transmission mode and a dual-channel receive mode that are typically set to be copolar and cross polar to the transmit state of polarization. The ...