Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 821-840 of 5084
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Observing Turbulence with a Modified Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)This paper describes hardware and software modifications to a commercial incoherent acoustic Doppler current profiler that allow it to be used as a survey tool for measurement of turbulent velocity fields associated with ... -
Skill in an Inversion Solution: CONVEX-91 Hydrographic Results Compared with ADCP Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)This paper demonstrates skill in simple linear inversion solutions in two ways: first, qualitatively, by showing that the inversion method can put in place a known feature of the deep circulation of the study region when ... -
The Retrieval of Ice Particle Size Information from VHF Wind Profiler Doppler Spectra
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)Recently, the authors observed significant echoes from precipitating ice particles above the freezing level in the stratiform region of tropical squall lines with a 50-MHz wind-profiling radar. A technique is described ... -
Feasibility of Using Multiwavelength Lidar Measurements to Measure Cloud Condensation Nuclei
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)This paper addresses the feasibility of using mulliwavelength lidar measurements to differentiate both qualitatively and quantitatively between the relative concentrations of hygroscopic and nonhygroscopic aerosol particles. ... -
Flow Distortion by a Solent Sonic Anemometer: Wind Tunnel Calibration and Its Assessment for Flux Measurements over Forest and Field
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)Main flow distortion effects caused by the sonic probe (i.e., deflection and attenuation/amplification of the wind vector) as a function of the azimuth angle of the incoming flow were examined by means of wind tunnel ... -
Performance of a 2-µm Coherent Doppler Lidar for Wind Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)Measurements of boundary layer winds are presented using a 2-µm coherent Doppler lidar and the optimal performance of the maximum likelihood estimator. The systematic error for single-shot estimates was estimated as 3.6 ... -
Intercomparison of Single-Frequency Methods for Retrieving a Vertical Rain Profile from Airborne or Spaceborne Radar Data
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)This paper briefly reviews several single-frequency rain profiling methods for an airborne or spaceborne radar. The authors describe the different methods from a unified point of view starting from the basic differential ... -
A Class of Single- and Dual-Frequency Algorithms for Rain-Rate Profiling from a Spaceborne Radar. Pad I: Principle and Tests from Numerical Simulations
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)A class of single- and dual-frequency algorithms that can be used to infer rain-rate profile from a downward-looking spaceborne radar operating at attenuating frequencies is presented. These algorithms rely on use of ... -
Demonstration of a High Pulse Rate Lidar for Studying Airflow
(American Meteorological Society, 1985)In response to a recognized need for an inexpensive, low power, portable lidar for meteorological applications in remote areas, a system has been designed and constructed. The lidar, termed MELS (Mini-Environmental Lidar ... -
Applications of the Barnes Objective Analysis Scheme. Part III: Tuning for Minimum Error
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)Procedures for tuning a successive corrections objective analysis scheme, described in Part I, are applied to the array of North American rawinsonde stations. Tuning is investigated for three types of Barnes schemes (two-, ... -
Applications of the Barnes Objective Analysis Scheme. Part II: Improving Derivative Estimates
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)Two recently published objective analysis schemes improve derivative estimates obtained from observed field variables. Achtemeier proposed a hybrid successive-correction scheme that uses a very low pass Gaussian weight ... -
Applications of the Barnes Objective Analysis Scheme. Part I: Effects of Undersampling, Wave Position, and Station Randomness
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)An empirical approach is employed to investigate the accuracy of the Barnes successive corrections objective analysis scheme for discrete samples obtained from a simple sinusoidal function in a two-dimensional domain. Mean ... -
On the Accuracy of Monthly Means
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)The errors involved in estimating mean values from data collected over the ocean have been considered in a number of recent papers. In these, errors have been investigated by taking a random sample, size n, many times, ... -
Using an Army of Inverted Echo Sounders to Measure Dynamic Height and Geostrophic Current in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)In 1991, an array of five inverted echo sounders (IESs) was deployed about 100 km north of the island of Oahu, Hawaii, as part of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment deep-water station. IESs record the round-trip acoustic ... -
The Feasibility of Using a Hot-Film Anemometer in the Rain
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)Cylindrical, platinum-coated, hot-film anemometers were struck with a series of individual drops of water while immersed in controlled airflows with velocities ranging from 0.3 to 5.0 m s?1. Subjecting the sensor to water ... -
A Review and Discussion of Processing Algorithms for FSSP Concentration Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)The forward-scattering spectrometer probe (FSSP) is an optical particle counter widely used for the measurement of cloud droplet size distributions and concentration. Previous studies have identified operational limitations ... -
Differences between Radiosonde and Dropsonde Temperature Profiles over the Arctic Ocean
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)The boundary layer structure measured by 402 pairs of approximately collocated radiosonde and dropsonde temperature profiles over the Arctic Ocean during the period 1957?61 is examined. The radiosonde profiles were obtained ... -
Pre-EUCREX Intercomparison of Airborne Humidity Measuring Instruments
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)During the pre-EUCREX (European Cloud and Radiation Experiment) intercomparison of airborne instrumentation in January 1992, nine hygrometers mounted on three different aircraft were compared. Although the different ... -
A Method for Rescaling Humidity Sensors at Temperatures Well below Freezing
(American Meteorological Society, 1994)A method for extending the calibrated temperature rang of a solid-state capacitive humidity sensor is presented. This technique is applicable to relative humidity instruments that are based around solid-state sensors. -
Comparison of CW-Lidar-Measured Wind Values Obtained by Full Conical Scan, Conical Sector Scan and Two-Point Techniques
(American Meteorological Society, 1985)Continuous-wave (CW) Doppler lidar measurements of wind magnitude and direction that are based on radial velocity data on only a part of a full azimuth circle compare favorably with measurements based on a full circle. ...