Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 3841-3860 of 5084
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A Field Intercomparison Technique to Improve the Relative Accuracy of Longwave Radiation Measurements and an Evaluation of CASES-99 Pyrgeometer Data Quality
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Techniques for improving the relative accuracy of longwave radiation measurements by a set of pyrgeometers [the Eppley Laboratory Precision Infrared Radiometer (Model PIR)] are presented using 10 PIRs from the 1999 Cooperative ... -
Four Years of TRMM/VIRS On-Orbit Calibrations and Characterization Using Lunar Models and Data from Terra/MODIS
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Four years of on-orbit solar calibration data have been used to quantify the temporal degradation of the two reflected solar bands of the Visible and Infrared Scanner (VIRS) aboard the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission ... -
Estimating Mixed Layer Depth from Oceanic Profile Data
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Estimates of mixed layer depth are important to a wide variety of oceanic investigations including upper-ocean productivity, air?sea exchange processes, and long-term climate change. In the absence of direct turbulent ... -
Delayed-Mode Calibration of Autonomous CTD Profiling Float Salinity Data by θ–S Climatology
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Autonomous CTD profiling floats are free-moving floats that report vertical profiles of salinity, temperature, and pressure at regular time intervals. The Argo program plans to deploy 3000 such floats to observe the upper ... -
Uncertainties in ECMWF Surface Pressure Fields over the Ocean in Relation to Sea Level Analysis and Modeling
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Knowledge of atmospheric surface pressure (Pa) over the oceans is important for proper interpretation and modeling of sea level variability. Gridded analyses of Pa fields from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather ... -
Two Automated Ozone Analyzers for Use on Civil Aircraft Operating in the Tropopause Region
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Within the CARIBIC (Civil Aircraft for Regular Investigation of the Atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container) project, deployment of an automated container with analytical equipment for the observation of atmospheric ... -
Techniques of Wind Vector Estimation from Data Measured with a Scanning Coherent Doppler Lidar
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)The results of a theoretical study of the feasibility of wind velocity vector estimation from data, measured with a scanning coherent Doppler lidar, are presented. The estimation techniques considered are (a) the direct ... -
A Surface Reference Technique for Airborne Doppler Radar Measurements in Hurricanes
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)The operational algorithm for rainfall retrieval from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation radar data requires a measurement of the path-integrated attenuation (PIA) as a constraint. This constraint ... -
Sensitivity of Continental-Scale Climate Trend Estimates to the Distribution of Radiosondes over North America
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)As part of its mandate to oversee the design of measurement networks for future weather and climate observing needs, the North American Atmospheric Observing System (NAOS) program hypothesized that replacing some of the ... -
Ice Particle Interarrival Times Measured with a Fast FSSP
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Ice particle interarrival times have been measured with a fast forward scattering spectrometer probe (FSSP). The distribution of interarrival times is bimodal instead of the exponential distribution expected for a Poisson ... -
Near-Infrared Extinction in Rain Measured Using a Single Detector System
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)The performance and operation of an optical device to accurately measure extinction due to rainfall over a 100 m sample path is described. A collimated beam from an infrared light-emitting diode operating at 0.94 ?m is ... -
Hail Detection Using S- and C-Band Radar Reflectivity Difference
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)In reflectivity fields observed with conventional radar networks, hailstorm identification is not easy. In the present paper, a hailstorm detection method using two single-wavelength radars located far from each other is ... -
Higher Fourier Harmonics of the Directional Distribution of an Equilibrium Wave Field under Steady Wind Forcing
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Recently, directional wave spectra have been obtained by applying the two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (2D FFT) to the three-dimensional spatial topography of ocean surface waves collected by an airborne scanning ... -
The Treatment of Discontinuities in Computing the Nonlinear Energy Transfer for Finite-Depth Gravity Wave Spectra
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)The calculation of nonlinear energy transfer between interacting waves is one of the most computationally demanding tasks in understanding the dynamics of the growth and transformation of wind-generated surface waves. For ... -
Platform and Environmental Effects on Above-Water Determinations of Water-Leaving Radiances
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)A comparison of above- and in-water spectral measurements in Case-1 conditions showed the uncertainty in above-water determinations of water-leaving radiances depended on the pointing angle of the above-water instruments ... -
An Unstructured Grid, Finite-Volume, Three-Dimensional, Primitive Equations Ocean Model: Application to Coastal Ocean and Estuaries
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)An unstructured grid, finite-volume, three-dimensional (3D) primitive equation ocean model has been developed for the study of coastal oceanic and estuarine circulation. The model consists of momentum, continuity, temperature, ... -
Acoustic Sounding of Raindrop Size Distribution
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Radars have been successfully used for remote measurements of raindrop size distribution and rain intensity for many years. Over the last two decades, sodars have been increasingly applied to measure the parameters of ... -
Oxygen Sensitivity of Krypton and Lyman-α Hygrometers
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)The oxygen sensitivity of krypton and Lyman-α hygrometers is studied. Using a dewpoint generator and a controlled nitrogen/oxygen flow the extinction coefficients of five hygrometers associated with the third-order Taylor ... -
Comparisons of Airborne CVI and FSSP Measurements of Cloud Droplet Number Concentrations in Marine Stratocumulus Clouds
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Comparisons of counterflow virtual impactor (CVI) and forward scattering spectrometer probe (FSSP) measurements of cloud droplet number concentrations obtained by two different aircraft in marine boundary layer stratocumulus ... -
Dry Bias and Variability in Vaisala RS80-H Radiosondes: The ARM Experience
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Thousands of comparisons between total precipitable water vapor (PWV) obtained from radiosonde (Vaisala RS80-H) profiles and PWV retrieved from a collocated microwave radiometer (MWR) were made at the Atmospheric Radiation ...