Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 3821-3840 of 5084
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On the Use of 50-MHz RASS in Thunderstorms
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)An experiment describing the use of a 50-MHz wind profiler Radio Acoustic Sounding System (RASS) to observe the vertical velocity, precipitation, and buoyancy structure of convection is discussed. In most cases the RASS ... -
Estimation of Diffusive Transport of Turbulent Kinetic Energy from Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler Data
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)The analysis of turbulent mixing has historically relied upon either indirect estimates of turbulent mixing, such as the gradient Richardson number, or measurements of small-scale shear to define turbulent dissipation ... -
Use of Surface Data to Estimate Geostrophic Transport
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)An extension of the use of altimetric data aimed at inferring the vertical structure of the geostrophic velocity field (and thereby to compute transports) is explored. The method is based on the assumption that altimetry ... -
Performance of Autonomous Lagrangian Floats
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)A truly Lagrangian float would follow all three components of oceanic velocity on all timescales. Progress toward this goal is reviewed by analyzing the performance of nearly Lagrangian floats deployed in a variety of ... -
Can We Merge GEOSAT Follow-On with TOPEX/Poseidon and ERS-2 for an Improved Description of the Ocean Circulation?
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Merging Geosat Follow-On (GFO) with TOPEX/Poseidon (TP) and ERS-2 altimeter data has the potential to improve the mapping of sea level and ocean circulation variations. This can be achieved, however, only if measurement ... -
A Direct Comparison of Two RDI Shipboard ADCPs: A 75-kHz Ocean Surveyor and a 150-kHz Narrow Band
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)During a recent transit from Florida to Rhode Island, simultaneous single-ping data were recorded from two acoustic Doppler current profilers on the R/V Endeavor: an old 150-kHz narrow bandwidth (NB) model, and a new 75-kHz ... -
Constraining Microwave Brightness Temperatures by Radar Brightband Observations
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Multichannel microwave sensors make it possible to construct physically based rainfall retrieval algorithms. In these schemes, errors arising from the inaccuracy of the physical modeling of the cloud system under observation ... -
The Sensitivity of Single Polarization Weather Radar Beam Blockage Correction to Variability in the Vertical Refractivity Gradient
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Radars operating in complex orographic areas usually suffer from partial or total beam blockage by surrounding targets at their lowest elevation scans. The need for radar quantitative precipitation estimates in such ... -
Control and Monitoring Instrumentation for the Continuous Measurement of Atmospheric CO2 and Meteorological Variables
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)The NOAA/GMCC program was chartered to monitor the trends in those atmospheric constituents that can cause climate change. A four-observatory network was established, and a 15-year database has resulted for selected ... -
Anisotropic Error Distributions in a Bistatic Doppler Radar System
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Anisotropic errors that contaminate two-dimensional wind vectors determined using a bistatic Doppler radar system composed of a transceiver (traditional Doppler radar) and a receiver are characterized. Two kinds of errors ... -
A Multisensor Approach to Detecting Drizzle on ASOS
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)National Weather Service Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) stations do not currently report drizzle because the precipitation identification sensor, called the light-emitting diode weather identifier (LEDWI), is ... -
Assessment of Vertically Integrated Liquid (VIL) Water Content Radar Measurement
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Vertically integrated liquid (VIL) water content is a parameter obtained from a radar performing voluminal scanning. This parameter has proven useful in the detection of severe storms and may be a worthwhile indicator for ... -
Wind Tunnel Measurements of the Response of Hot-Wire Liquid Water Content Instruments to Large Droplets
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Wet wind tunnel tests were performed on more than 23 cloud liquid water content (LWC) probes and drop spectrometers at the NASA Icing Research Tunnel, with a main objective to characterize their response to large-droplet ... -
Performance of a Counterflow Virtual Impactor in the NASA Icing Research Tunnel
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)A counterflow virtual impactor (CVI) designed for aircraft use was evaluated at the NASA Icing Research Tunnel in Cleveland, Ohio. Tests were conducted for tunnel speeds of 67 and 100 m s?1, for liquid water contents of ... -
Use of the Doppler Spectral Width to Improve the Estimation of the Convective Boundary Layer Height from UHF Wind Profiler Observations
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Enhancement of the air refractive index structure parameter C2n often occurs at the top of the convective boundary layer (CBL), where the absolute values of the vertical gradients of virtual potential temperature and mixing ... -
An Adjoint Ocean Model Using Finite Elements: An Application to the South Atlantic
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)A new inverse model to study the large-scale ocean circulation and its associated heat and freshwater budget is developed. The model relies on traditional assumptions of mass, heat, and salt conservation. A three-dimensional ... -
Radiometric Characterization and Absolute Calibration of the Marine Optical System (MOS) Bench Unit
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)The Marine Optical System (MOS) is a dual charge-coupled device (CCD)-based spectrograph system developed for in-water measurements of downwelling solar irradiance Ed and upwelling radiance Lu. These measurements are ... -
Doppler Velocity from Sea Surface on the Spaceborne and Airborne Weather Radars
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)The Doppler operation applied to the sea surface is studied for the spaceborne and airborne weather radars. In the space mission, a small amount of beam misalignment can cause large contamination of a platform velocity ... -
The Effect of Mean and Differential Attenuation on the Precision and Accuracy of the Estimates of Reflectivity and Differential Reflectivity
(American Meteorological Society, 2003)Error propagation analysis is applied to evaluate the effects of correcting horizontal and differential attenuation on the precision of the estimates of reflectivity and differential reflectivity. The analysis shows that ... -
Simultaneous Ocean Cross Section and Rainfall Measurements from Space with a Nadir-Looking Radar
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)In the case of a nadir-looking spaceborne or aircraft radar in the presence of rain the return power corresponding to secondary surface scattering may provide information on the properties of the surface and the precipitation. ...