Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 2381-2400 of 5084
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Errors in Net Radiometry: Comparison and Evaluation of Six Radiometer Designs
(American Meteorological Society, 1992)Net radiation is a fundamental variable in meteorology, but net radiometers have not been used extensively since the 1960s because of what is commonly considered as unreliable function. This study was conducted to determine ... -
The Response of the SSM/I to the Marine Environment. Part I: An Analytic Model for the Atmospheric Component of Observed Brightness Temperatures
(American Meteorological Society, 1992)A comprehensive closed-form parameterization has been developed for the contribution of the nonprecipitating marine atmosphere to microwave brightness temperatures observed by the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I). ... -
The Synthetic Dual-Doppler Analysis Technique
(American Meteorological Society, 1992)Synthetic dual-Doppler (SDD) is a single-Doppler analysis technique that combines measurements from two different times, provided the viewing angle changes significantly. In this study, the viability of the SDD technique ... -
VHF Wind-Profiler Data Quality and Comparison of Methods for Deducing Horizontal and Vertical Air Motions in a Mesoscale Convective Storm
(American Meteorological Society, 1992)Very high frequency (VHF) Doppler radar measurements of the horizontal and vertical winds are used to examine three procedures to extract mean profiles of horizontal and vertical winds. These are 1) time averaging of ... -
Polynomial Approximation to the International Equation of State for Seawater
(American Meteorological Society, 1992)No abstract available -
The Use of Barker Codes in Doppler Sonar Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 1992)Pinkel and Smith have recently suggested the use of repeat-sequence coded pulses to increase the time-bandwidth product for single-ping incoherent Doppler velocity measurements with sidescan sonars. Comparisons between ... -
Mapping the Oceanic Mesoscale Circulation: Validation of Satellite Altimetry Using Surface Drifters
(American Meteorological Society, 1992)This study aims to show that Lagrangian surface drifters are a suitable means of validating the mapping of oceanic mesoscale circulation by satellite altimetry. Tests are done using Geosat data to simulate drifter trajectories ... -
Estimation of Velocity from Argos-tracked Surface Drifters during OCEAN STORMS
(American Meteorological Society, 1992)Modern surface drifters tracked by Argos are an attractive method for measuring the spatial structure of near-surface currents. This note discusses the accuracy to which velocity can be estimated from such data, assuming ... -
Sampling Requirements for the Surface Wind Field over the Tropical Pacific Ocean
(American Meteorological Society, 1992)Moored wind measurements at near-equatorial locations along 110°W, 125°W, 140°W, 170°W, and 165°E are used to investigate the space-time variability of the tropical Pacific wind field. These measurements complement previous ... -
Near-Nadir Microwave Specular Returns from the Sea Surface—Altimeter Algorithms for Wind and Wind Stress
(American Meteorological Society, 1992)Two approaches have been adopted to construct altimeter wind algorithms: one is based on the mean-square sea surface slope, and the other is based on the Seasat scatterometer wind. Both types of algorithms are critically ... -
POPUP: A Prototype Bottom-Moored Long-Term Current Profiler
(American Meteorological Society, 1984)A self-contained, bottom-mounted instrument for measuring high-resolution vertical profiles of horizontal current in the deep ocean over long time periods (up to a year) has been designed, constructed and successfully ... -
Measurement of Long-Period, Low-Amplitude Swell in the Western North Atlantic Ocean
(American Meteorological Society, 1992)Nineteen data buoys in the western North Atlantic and two coastal stations reported 20-s-period swell in August 1990. The source of this very unusual event was traced to a severe storm off the Antarctic continent. This ... -
The Measurement of Bubble-Size Distributions by Acoustical Backscatter
(American Meteorological Society, 1992)A multifrequency acoustical-backscatter technique is described for determining the size distribution of bubbles with radii between 8 and 130 µm. The method makes use of the resonance in the microbubbles and operates at six ... -
An Evaluation of the United States Standard 8-in. Nonrecording Raingage at the Valdai Polygon, Russia
(American Meteorological Society, 1992)A unique set of data from Valdai, Russia, (previously unreported in the United States) is used to evaluate the ubiquitous standard 8-in.-diameter raingage that has been used for over 100 years at tens of thousands of United ... -
Rainfall-Rate Retrieval from a Spaceborne Radar: Comparison between Single-Frequency, Dual-Frequency, and Dual-Beam Techniques
(American Meteorological Society, 1992)This paper investigates the performances achievable in the retrieval of rain-rate profile from a spaceborne radar operating at attenuated frequencies. Results obtained from three radar systems using relevant range-profiling ... -
A Simple Adjoint Method of Wind Analysis for Single-Doppler Data
(American Meteorological Society, 1992)A simple adjoint method is developed for retrieving the time-mean winds from a number of consecutive single-Doppler measurements. The method assumes the Lagrangian conservation of reflectivity. Previous methods based on ... -
VAD Analysis of Nonlinear Wind Fields
(American Meteorological Society, 1992)A critical review of the velocity-azimuth display (VAD) analysis for the retrieval of wind, divergence, and deformation from single-Doppler observations is presented. It is shown that in situations when the linear wind ... -
A New Airborne Thermometer for Atmospheric and Cloud Physics Research. Part I: Design and Preliminary Flight Tests
(American Meteorological Society, 1992)A new airborne thermometer has been designed using results from numerical simulators of airflow and particle (drop) trajectories. Initial flight tests with the NCAR King Air show that the new thermometer, which uses a ... -
Hydrated and Dried Aerosol-Size-Distribution Measurements from the Particle Measuring Systems FSSP-300 Probe and the Deiced PCASP-100X Probe
(American Meteorological Society, 1992)Comparisons of particle-size distributions measured by Particle Measuring Systems FSSP-300 and PCASP-100X probes through a range of relative humidities reveal that the deiced PCASP-100X probe dries hydrated submicron ... -
A Dual-Wavelength Radar Method for Ice-Water Characterization in Mixed-Phase Clouds
(American Meteorological Society, 1992)A dual-wavelength method to differentiate supercooled water from ice and to measure mass content in each phase in cold stratiform clouds is proposed and discussed. The differential attenuation Ad, whose direct measurement ...