Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences: Recent submissions
Now showing items 3121-3140 of 13215
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Development of a Detailed Microphysics Cirrus Model Tracking Aerosol Particles’ Histories for Interpretation of the Recent INCA Campaign
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)Cirrus clouds play an important role in the earth?s energy balance. To quantify their impact, information is needed on their microstructure and more precisely on the number and size of the ice crystals. With the anthropogenic ... -
Rayleigh Wave–Internal Wave Coupling and Internal Wave Generation above a Model Jet Stream
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)Linear theory for modes in a nonuniformly stratified, semi-infinite shear flow demonstrates that Rayleigh waves (stable waves propagating in fluid with spatially varying shear) couple with evanescent internal waves. If the ... -
Influence of the Equatorial QBO on the Extratropical Stratosphere
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)The work described here examines the influence of the equatorial quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) on the extratropics in a zonally truncated 3D mechanistic stratospheric model. Model results show that the extratropical ... -
Trends in Stratospheric Ozone: Lessons Learned from a 3D Chemical Transport Model
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)Stratospheric ozone is affected by external factors such as chlorofluorcarbons (CFCs), volcanoes, and the 11-yr solar cycle variation of ultraviolet radiation. Dynamical variability due to the quasi-biennial oscillation ... -
Dynamics of Singular Vectors in the Semi-Infinite Eady Model: Nonzero β but Zero Mean PV Gradient
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)A nonmodal approach based on the potential vorticity (PV) perspective is used to compute the singular vector (SV) that optimizes the growth of kinetic energy at the surface for the ?-plane Eady model without an upper rigid ... -
Explicit Simulation of Aerosol Physics in a Cloud-Resolving Model: Aerosol Transport and Processing in the Free Troposphere
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)Large concentrations of small aerosols have been previously observed in the vicinity of anvils of convective clouds. A 3D cloud-resolving model (CRM) including an explicit size-resolving aerosol module has been used to ... -
Integrals of the Vorticity Equation. Part II: Special Two-Dimensional Flows
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)In Part I, a general integral of the 2D vorticity equation was obtained. This is a formal solution for the vorticity of a moving tube of air in a 2D unsteady stratified shear flow with friction. This formula is specialized ... -
Resonant Continuum Modes in the Eady Model with Rigid Lid
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)The Eady model with rigid upper lid is considered. The resonant, linearly amplifying solution that exists in the situation of neutral normal modes when an infinitely thin potential vorticity (PV) perturbation is located ... -
Integrals of the Vorticity Equation. Part I: General Three- and Two-Dimensional Flows
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)The integral of the vector vorticity equation for the vorticity of a moving parcel in 3D baroclinic flow with friction is cast in a new form. This integral of the vorticity equation applies to synoptic-scale or mesoscale ... -
Cirrus Mammatus Properties Derived from an Extended Remote Sensing Dataset
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)The first quantitative and statistical evaluation of cirrus mammatus clouds based on wavelet analysis of remote sensing data is made by analyzing the University of Utah Facility for Atmospheric Remote Sensing (FARS) 10-yr ... -
Dynamics of the Intertropical Convergence Zone of the East Pacific
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)The dynamical factors controlling the mean state and variability of the east Pacific intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) and the associated cross-equatorial boundary layer flow are investigated using observations from ... -
Empirically Evaluating Divergence Rates of Atmospheric Trajectories
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)Observed Northern Hemisphere divergence rates of phase-space trajectories initially emanating from neighboring points are estimated, using a simple, seasonal, weakly GCM-dependent linear method applied to Ertel potential ... -
Conditions That Inhibit the Spontaneous Radiation of Spiral Inertia–Gravity Waves from an Intense Mesoscale Cyclone
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)The spontaneous radiation of spiral inertia?gravity (IG) waves from monotonic cyclones is reexamined. Such radiation can occur most significantly in a parameter regime that includes strong supercell mesocyclones and ... -
Cloud-Resolving Satellite Data Assimilation: Information Content of IR Window Observations and Uncertainties in Estimation
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)This study addresses the problem of four-dimensional (4D) estimation of a cloudy atmosphere on cloud-resolving scales using satellite remote sensing measurements. The motivation is to develop a methodology for accurate ... -
Variability of the Southern Hemisphere Winter Split Flow—A Case of Two-Way Reinforcement between Mean Flow and Eddy Anomalies
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)A new split-jet index is defined in this study, and composites based on this index show that the split-flow regime is characterized by a cold?warm?cold tripolar temperature anomaly in the South Pacific that extends equatorward ... -
Optimal Growth in Inertia–Gravity Wave Packets: Energetics, Long-Term Development, and Three-Dimensional Structure
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)Using a hierarchy of three models of increasing realism and complexity, and expanding on a previous study, optimal perturbations of inertia?gravity wave (IGW) packets are studied with respect to several aspects. It is shown ... -
Interaction between Trapped Waves and Boundary Layers
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)The absorption of trapped lee waves by the atmospheric boundary layer (BL) is investigated based on numerical simulations and theoretical formulations. It is demonstrated that the amplitude of trapped waves decays exponentially ... -
Low-Order Stochastic Mode Reduction for a Prototype Atmospheric GCM
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)This study applies a systematic strategy for stochastic modeling of atmospheric low-frequency variability to a three-layer quasigeostrophic model. This model climate has reasonable approximations of the North Atlantic ... -
Effective Refractive Indices of Water and Sulfate Drops Containing Absorbing Inclusions
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)In this study the range of visible refractive indices and single-scattering albedos that can be obtained using various mean field formulations for mixtures of two components, where one component absorbs in the visible, is ... -
A Theory of Gravity Wave Absorption by a Boundary Layer
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)A one-layer model of the atmospheric boundary layer (BL) is proposed to explain the nature of lee-wave attenuation and gravity wave absorption seen in numerical simulations. Two complex coefficients are defined: the ...