Analysis of Stand Up Forklift Operator Injuries in Off the Dock and Tip Over Incidents With a Latched Door on the Operator Access Opening

Abstract

A series of tipover and offthedock impact tests were performed with standup forklifts to investigate the potential for injury to the operator of a forklift in these types of accidents, when the forklift is equipped with an operator’s compartment door. One Crown Equipment Company 35RRTT Model and one 35RCTT Model standup forklifts were used in the impact tests. The only modification to the forklifts for the tests was the placement of a door on the entrance to the operator’s compartment. A Hybrid III anthropomorphic test device (ATD) was placed in the operator’s compartment as a human surrogate. During each test, head accelerations, chest accelerations, neck loads, and lumbar loads were measured on the ATD. The motion of the forklift and the ATD were filmed with realtime video and highspeed cameras. Results from the impact tests indicate that there is a high risk of head injury in a rightside tipover accident and a high risk of head injury and neck injury in a leftside tipover accident. There is a high risk of a head injury, neck injury, and thoracic injury in offthedock forkstrailing accidents. In an offthedock forksleading accident, there is a high risk of arm/shoulder injury, head injury, and neck injury. In both tipover and offthedock forkstrailing accidents, there is a high probability of an entrapment injury under the overhead guard on the forklift.