Modeling the Thermostructural Capability of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Ceramic Composites

Abstract

There exists today considerable interest in developing continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CMC) that can operate as hot-section components in advanced gas turbine engines. The objective of this paper is to present simple analytical and empirical models for predicting the effects of time and temperature on CMC tensile rupture under various composite and engine conditions. These models are based on the average rupture behavior measured in air for oxide and SiC-based fibers of current technical interest. For example, assuming a cracked matrix and Larson-Miller rupture curves for single fibers, it is shown that model predictions agree quite well with high-temperature stress-rupture data for SiC/SiC CMC. Rupture models, yet to be validated, are also presented for three other relevant conditions: (a) SiC fibers become oxidatively bonded to each other in a cracked CMC, (b) applied CMC stresses are low enough to avoid matrix cracking, and (c) Si-based CMC are subjected to surface recession in high-temperature combustion gases. The practical implications of the modeling results are discussed, particularly in regard to the optimum fibers and matrices for CMC engine applications and the thermostructural capability of SiC/SiC CMC in comparison to nickel-based superalloys, monolithic ceramics, and oxide/oxide CMC.