Qualitative Characterization of Anti-Swirl Gas Dampers

Abstract

Anti-swirl gas dampers have applications in high-temperature turbomachinery. Nozzles comprising the circumference of the damper inject air against the direction of shaft rotation, providing a force tangential to the rotor surface that acts to damp rotor vibration. The present work involves prediction of experiments by using direct damping and cross-coupled stiffness coefficients given in Vance and Handy (1997) that characterize the rotordynamic performance of an anti-swirl damper. Direct stiffness added at the damper location is vital to representing the changes in critical speeds and the onset and cease of backward whirl given in the experiments. This direct stiffness arises due to the release of air axially across the annulus of the damper. With the addition of this significant direct stiffness, experimental results compare well with the present rotordynamic model. Predictions using the experimentally obtained damping coefficients adequately reproduce the reduction in vibration amplitudes at the critical speeds. However, applying the cross-coupled stiffness coefficients in predictions fails to show increases in the speed at which backward whirl begins and does not reproduce the wrecking instability experienced in the tests. A further study investigates the magnitude of the cross-coupled stiffness coefficient necessary to cause instability in the rotor-damper system.