The Influence of Physical Properties on Penetration in Arc Welding

Abstract

Simple butt welds were produced using a particular metal and a variety of combinations of current, voltage, and welding velocity. Four metals possessing quite different physical properties were utilized. Coated stick electrodes and a d-c power source were employed and penetration was measured for each combination of work material and welding conditions. With the use of dimensional analysis, an expression was derived to predict penetration as a function of operating conditions and the physical properties of the metal welded. Within the range of variables investigated, the correlation between predicted values and measured values was quite reasonable.