Cadmium Removal from Wastewater in Constructed Wetlands

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the cadmium removal in the free water surface and subsurface flow constructed wetland systems under different environmental conditions. Removal efficiencies of the chemical oxygen demand were found to be in the range of 79–92% for the two wetland systems. The removal efficiencies for total kjeldahl nitrogen, total phosphorus, total suspended solid, and volatile suspended solid were in the range of 64–91, 62–90, 68–91, and 50–84%, respectively. Influents were obtained by mixing a synthetic wastewater with