Purging Strategy Optimization for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells With Dead-End Anode

Abstract

Abstract. Proton exchange membrane fuel cell systems are increasingly recognized as a promising alternative to conventional energy technologies, including electric batteries and other renewable energy sources, in the global transition away from fossil fuel dependence. However, their practical deployment remains constrained by challenges such as water accumulation and contaminant buildup within the fuel cell stack, which obstruct gas diffusion pathways and degrade performance. The dead-end anode (DEA) configuration, while widely employed for its structural simplicity, introduces risks that include hydrogen depletion, localized fuel starvation, and carbon corrosion of the cathode catalyst, issues frequently exacerbated by insufficient purge control. In this study, we present an experimental investigation aimed at optimizing the operational parameters of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) operating under DEA mode. Specifically, the effects of hydrogen supply pressure, purge duration, and purge interval are systematically evaluated across a range of load currents. The objectives are to mitigate water flooding, maintain voltage stability during purge intervals, facilitate rapid voltage recovery after purge, and enhance overall energy efficiency.