Biological and Ion Exchange Mining of Reverse Osmosis Concentrate: Enhancing Water and Mineral Extraction from Salinity-Impaired Surface Water

Abstract

AbstractGeneration of reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC) is a barrier for reverse osmosis (RO) process application due to challenges managing supersaturated brine. Biological concentrate management (BCM) is a novel utilization of microbes for phosphorus-...Practical ApplicationsSalinity mobilized through agriculture returns and soil releases impact downstream users by compromising water quality in receiving rivers, lakes, and groundwaters. Salinity increases for receiving waters limits potable and ...A beneficial water and mineral recovery cycle that treats salinity impacted river water with reverse osmosis, generating beneficial water and concentrate waste. Concentrate waste is mined using biological concentrate management to selectively separate ...