Nondestructive Evaluation of Limestone Damage Thresholds: A P-Wave Velocity–Based Approach Integrating Nonlinear Response and Crack Network Evolution

Abstract

AbstractUnderstanding the damage evolution and strength degradation of limestone under external disturbances is critical for ensuring the stability of underground engineering structures. This study presents a comprehensive experimental investigation on ...Practical ApplicationsThe safe maintenance of underground structures—such as tunnels and mines—faces a critical challenge: real-time identification of impending rock mass failure remains difficult. This study presents a simple and effective solution that ...