Feasibility of Using California-Based Almond Shells for Alkali Activation of Slag: Physicochemical Properties and Hydration Behavior of Almond Ash Binders

Abstract

AbstractThis study investigated the feasibility of using almond shell ash, a byproduct of California’s almond industry, as an alternative alkali source in alkali-activated binders (AABs) based on ground-granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS). Reagent-grade ...