Utilizing Multiskilled Resources in Addressing Labor Shortage Issues in Off-Site Construction: Benefits, Challenges, and Best Practices

Abstract

Although off-site construction (OSC) offers numerous advantages and is gaining market share, its widespread adoption is limited by a shortage of skilled labor. Multiskilling is valued in OSC as a solution to this shortage, providing significant cost benefits by enhancing production line efficiency. Despite ongoing discussions about labor shortages, there has been a considerable lack of research into the global presence of OSC’s multiskilled workforce. This study employs a dual approach, integrating a systematic literature review (SLR) and semistructured interviews, to examine the use of multiskilled labor on addressing labor shortages and enhancing productivity in OSC projects. Interviewees from diverse backgrounds highlighted the substantial benefits of multiskilling, including enhanced efficiency, reduced costs, and accelerated project completion. However, they emphasized the drawbacks, such as manufacturing dependency, challenges in achieving high-level multiskills, resource management, and balancing training with project needs. The research also explores key considerations for effectively utilizing multiskilled resources, such as skills transfer, identifying transferable skills, commitment training, certification and industry standards and standardization. It provides actionable insights for policymakers and industry stakeholders, suggesting that strategic planning and investment in training are crucial for successfully implementing multiskilling approaches, ultimately contributing to the sector’s growth and efficiency.