Estimation and Validation of Knee Joint Kinematic Parameters Using Inertial Measurement Unit Sensors in a Wearable Device

Abstract

In physiotherapy, joint kinematics is conventionally analyzed using the universal mechanical goniometer involving manual measurements and is only possible for static assessments of biomechanical parameters. The aim of the present research is to estimate and validate the knee joint kinematic parameters using the inertial sensor in a wearable device. A video motion analysis study is performed using “Kinovea” software for measurement validation. No statistical difference is observed in hypothesis testing (t-test, p > 0.7). The Pearson correlation coefficient (r2) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values are observed to be 0.99 and >0.99, respectively, for a 95% confidence interval in the inter-rater reliability test. Further, data normality, using the “Kolmogorov-Smirnov” test, and Bland–Altman analysis are performed to validate quantitative agreements. The standard error measurement confirms the reliability between the two systems. The developed device can be used as an alternative to the universal mechanical goniometer to measure joint kinematics in dynamic movements.