Flow Diverter Technology for the Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms: A Review

Abstract

The treatment of Intracranial aneurysms has evolved substantially over the past two decades, transitioning from open skull surgery to less invasive endovascular techniques. The rapid advancement of various endovascular procedures is the main impetus driving this evolution. The flow-diverting devices are less invasive and cost-effective than endovascular approaches like clipping, platinum coiling, and stent-assisted coiling. Flow diverters are endovascular devices inserted into the brain artery to restrict blood flow to an aneurysm, promoting gradual thrombus formation within an aneurysm sac. While using the current generation flow diverters in treating diverse aneurysms appears to be efficient, each device is different in design, material composition, occlusion rate and deployment system. At times, it becomes challenging to determine the most appropriate device best suited for every patient because of these distinguished factors. To address this, the present review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of ten flow-diverting devices. It explains their design specifications, material compositions, six-month and one-year occlusion rates, and their respective advantages and limitations. By offering a detailed analysis of these devices, this review seeks to empower researchers and neurosurgeons alike. Researchers can stay abreast of the latest advancements in flow-diverting technology, while neurosurgeons can make informed decisions when selecting the most appropriate device for each patient’s specific needs.