Optimizing the Resilience of Coastal Water Supply Infrastructure System to Sea-Level Rise with Combined Adaptive Measures

Abstract

Coastal water supply infrastructure systems are critical to modern society. This paper proposes a model to develop improvement strategies for the resilience of these systems to sea-level rise, incorporating both predisaster and postdisaster adaptive measures. The primary objective is to maximize the expected value of resilience. Beyond enhancing system resilience, the model accounts for proactive and reactive capacities, system deterioration, and limited resources. A numerical solution method, combining heuristic approaches and SEAWAT (a computer program) simulation, is proposed to solve the model. Its effectiveness is demonstrated through a case study in the Minhang district. Results indicate that compared to single adaptive measures, a combination of measures significantly enhances system resilience, maintaining performance within acceptable levels. Furthermore, the optimal mix of adaptive measures varies with the requirement of decision-makers for system (e.g., proactive capability, reactive capability, and consideration of deterioration) and is heavily influenced by the intensity of natural disasters and the availability of resources. The model offers guidance for selecting optimal adaptive measures under various sea-level rise scenarios.