Predicting Strength of FRP-Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams with Stirrups Using the Indeterminate Strut–Tie Method

Abstract

This paper presents the proposed indeterminate strut and tie (IST) method to analyze fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP)-reinforced concrete deep beams with stirrups. The solution of the IST method does not require the assumption of reinforcement yielding and is capable of reflecting the material nonlinearity of concrete. The essential features of the IST methodology for glass FRP-reinforced deep beams are discussed and then analyzed in detail. These features include modeling concrete compressive response, softening concrete compression behavior in struts, and obtaining the depth of compression nodes. For each of these features, several approaches are discussed. The proposed IST methodology is validated by comparing the analysis results with the experimental results, and recommendations for the most suitable modeling methods are proposed.