Multifunctional Three-Dimensional Curvilinear Self-Folding of Glassy Polymers

Abstract

The selective light absorption of prestretched thermoplastic polymeric films enables wireless photothermal shape morphing from two-dimensional Euclidean geometry of films to three-dimensional (3D) curvilinear architectures. For a facile origami-inspired programming of 3D folding, black inks are printed on glassy polymers that are used as hinges to generate light-absorption patterns. However, the deformation of unpatterned areas and/or stress convolution of patterned areas hinder the creation of accurate curvilinear structures. In addition, black inks remain in the film, prohibiting the construction of transparent 3D architectures. In this study, we demonstrate the facile preparation of transparent 3D curvilinear structures with the selection of the curvature sign and chirality via the selective light absorption of detachable tapes. The sequential removal of adhesive patterns allowed sequential folding and the control of strain responsivity in a single transparent architecture. The introduction of multiple heterogeneous nonresponsive materials increased the complexity of strain engineering and functionality. External stimuli responsive kirigami-based bridge triggered the multimaterial frame to build the Gaussian curvature. Conductive material casted on the film in a pattern retained the conductivity, despite local deformation. This type of tape patterning system, adopting various materials, can achieve multifunction including transparency and conductivity.