Generalized Mathematical Simulation Formulation for Reservoir Systems

Abstract

Components of a water resource system (WRS) can be assessed and evaluated by employing simulation and optimization techniques. In general, simulation models are used to evaluate the behavior and function of systems under existing conditions. This paper presents a generic formulation for simulating reservoir systems at the watershed scale. The formulation is based on the continuity equation and can be used for every type of simulation or optimization problem that addresses reservoir systems by considering existing priorities of resource allocation and demand supply. The developed formulation can simulate reservoir systems using both operation policies, the standard operation policy (SOP) and a rule curve. Also, different outlets with their elevation can be considered in each reservoir for water release to supply various objectives. The concept of integrated management has been used in this formulation so that the effects of different system factors on each other, including various resources and consumptions, are considered in the reservoir system simulation. The developed formulation is applied in a two-reservoir system, producing results that are logical and acceptable.