Protected Paste Volume of Air‐Entrained Cement Paste. Part II

Abstract

In the companion paper, expressions were derived for the protected paste volume of air‐entrained cement paste on the basis of hydraulic pressure theory. The protected paste volume is the common volume of cement paste protected from frost damage by all the various‐sized air voids in the paste. The expressions derived earlier assumed that the user had knowledge of the complete air‐void distribution in concrete. In this paper, the expressions derived earlier are converted to forms using readily available linear traverse data. The derivations are validated using computer simulations. It is shown that the paste parameter that appears in the expressions can be estimated using a few material properties of cement paste. The calculation of the protected paste volume is illustrated for a concrete sample tested in the laboratory. The protected paste volumes of a variety of concretes tested in two other laboratories are then calculated and correlated with their frost resistance. It is shown that the protected paste volumes of the concretes analyzed correlate well with their frost resistance.