Hydro–Aero Coupling Analysis and Surge Motion Effects on Aerodynamic Performance in Floating Offshore Wind Turbines: A Review and Synthesis of Literature

Abstract

In response to the global shift toward renewable energy, wind energy is a pivotal player in sustainability. Floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) emerge as a promising solution for expanding wind energy into economically challenging deep waters. Despite their potential, challenges persist, necessitating a thorough understanding of the complex coupling effects between wind turbine aerodynamics and hydrodynamics, particularly during the design phase. This study highlights this critical need and extends its scope to review the relevant existing literature. The paper provides insights into the design considerations and assessment methodologies crucial for both new structures and the evaluation of existing ones. Through modeling in the Ashes wind turbine software, the study reveals that platform surge motion significantly impacts rotor performance, causing rotor power and thrust fluctuations. By comparing various wind and sea states with baseline testing, the study underscores the necessity of coupling aerodynamic and hydrodynamic forces for accurate performance predictions. Besides, the paper offers actionable recommendations for designing and optimizing FOWTs, and sheds light on the challenges and opportunities within offshore wind energy, offering valuable guidance for engineers working toward sustainable energy solutions.