Conceptual Design of Modular Bridges Including Layout Optimization and Component Reusability

Abstract

Modular or panelized bridges, comprised of stacked rectangular panels forming girder-type bridges, are the most widely used approach for rapidly erectable bridging. Limitations of these systems, however, include inefficient material distribution of both panels and lateral bracing. This research addresses this challenge by implementing structural optimization for the conceptual design of modular bridges, including module topology and spatial orientation optimization. This contribution generalizes an existing formulation for optimizing modular trusses to include (1) reusability of modules among multiple structures and (2) practical considerations in design, such as multiple types of modules, multiple load cases, the capability to compute the displacements in an elastic design formulation, and limitation on stresses. This methodology is demonstrated for the conceptual design of single- and double-story simply supported bridges. Further studies find that (1) incorporating module reusability results in a trade-off between constructability and material efficiency and (2) better designs can be obtained by modifying the module configuration. This research culminates in guidelines to assist designers during preliminary design phases.