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contributor authorKunkel, Kenneth E.
contributor authorKarl, Thomas R.
contributor authorBrooks, Harold
contributor authorKossin, James
contributor authorLawrimore, Jay H.
contributor authorArndt, Derek
contributor authorBosart, Lance
contributor authorChangnon, David
contributor authorCutter, Susan L.
contributor authorDoesken, Nolan
contributor authorEmanuel, Kerry
contributor authorGroisman, Pavel Ya.
contributor authorKatz, Richard W.
contributor authorKnutson, Thomas
contributor authorO'Brien, James
contributor authorPaciorek, Christopher J.
contributor authorPeterson, Thomas C.
contributor authorRedmond, Kelly
contributor authorRobinson, David
contributor authorTrapp, Jeff
contributor authorVose, Russell
contributor authorWeaver, Scott
contributor authorWehner, Michael
contributor authorWolter, Klaus
contributor authorWuebbles, Donald
date accessioned2017-06-09T16:44:21Z
date available2017-06-09T16:44:21Z
date copyright2013/04/01
date issued2012
identifier issn0003-0007
identifier otherams-73253.pdf
identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4215347
description abstractof knowledge regarding trends and an understanding of their causes is presented for a specific subset of extreme weather and climate types. For severe convective storms (tornadoes, hailstorms, and severe thunderstorms), differences in time and space of practices of collecting reports of events make using the reporting database to detect trends extremely difficult. Overall, changes in the frequency of environments favorable for severe thunderstorms have not been statistically significant. For extreme precipitation, there is strong evidence for a nationally averaged upward trend in the frequency and intensity of events. The causes of the observed trends have not been determined with certainty, although there is evidence that increasing atmospheric water vapor may be one factor. For hurricanes and typhoons, robust detection of trends in Atlantic and western North Pacific tropical cyclone (TC) activity is significantly constrained by data heterogeneity and deficient quantification of internal variability. Attribution of past TC changes is further challenged by a lack of consensus on the physical link- ages between climate forcing and TC activity. As a result, attribution of trends to anthropogenic forcing remains controversial. For severe snowstorms and ice storms, the number of severe regional snowstorms that occurred since 1960 was more than twice that of the preceding 60 years. There are no significant multidecadal trends in the areal percentage of the contiguous United States impacted by extreme seasonal snowfall amounts since 1900. There is no distinguishable trend in the frequency of ice storms for the United States as a whole since 1950.
publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
titleMonitoring and Understanding Trends in Extreme Storms: State of Knowledge
typeJournal Paper
journal volume94
journal issue4
journal titleBulletin of the American Meteorological Society
identifier doi10.1175/BAMS-D-11-00262.1
journal fristpage499
journal lastpage514
treeBulletin of the American Meteorological Society:;2012:;volume( 094 ):;issue: 004
contenttypeFulltext


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