Chapter 10: Remote Sensing

Abstract

tate-of-the-art remote-sensing techniques applicable to the investigation of ice formation and evolution are described. Ground-based and spaceborne measurements with lidar, radar and radiometric techniques are discussed together with a global view on past and ongoing remote-sensing measurement campaigns concerned with the study of ice formation and evolution. The article has the intention of a literature study and should illustrate the major efforts that are currently taken in the field of remote sensing of atmospheric ice. Since other chapters of this monograph mainly focus on aircraft in-situ measurements, special emphasis is put on active remote sensing instruments and synergies between aircraft in-situ measurements and passive remote sensing methods. The article concentrates on homogeneous and heterogeneous ice formation in the troposphere because this is a major topic of this monograph. Furthermore, methods that deliver direct, process level information about ice formation are elaborated with a special emphasis on active remote sensing methods. Passive remote sensing methods are also dealt with but only in the context of synergy with aircraft in-situ measurements.