| description abstract | A scheme that can handle cloud infrared scattering based on the absorption approximation is developed. In a two-stream mode, the new scheme produces more accurate results than those from the modified two-stream discrete ordinate method. For low and middle clouds, the two-stream version of the scheme produces a flux error less than 1 W m?2 and a heating rate error less than 0.5 K day?1. With high clouds, the errors in calculated fluxes and heating rates are less than 1.4 W m?2 and 1.5 K day?1, respectively. The four-stream version of the proposed scheme is slightly inferior to the four-stream discrete ordinate method. However, as opposed to the discrete ordinate technique, this scheme treats cloud-free layers the same as the absorption approximation. Therefore, numerically, it is much more efficient. Considering the radiative transfer module only, in a two-stream mode, the new scheme, which considers multiple scattering, uses only about 50% more CPU time than the absorption approximation method for a 100-layer column atmosphere with 20 cloudy layers. | |
