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contributor authorCurry, Judith
date accessioned2017-06-09T14:24:10Z
date available2017-06-09T14:24:10Z
date copyright1983/09/01
date issued1983
identifier issn0022-4928
identifier otherams-18656.pdf
identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4154685
description abstractThis research investigates the transformation of maritime polar air into continental polar air in the Arctic during winter. The evolution of the vertical profiles of temperature and humidity is simulated using a one-dimensional model. The following physical processes are examined 1) surface enthalpy flux; 2) infrared radiative cooling due to emission by CO2, water vapor, water droplets, and ice crystals; 3) gravitational setting of the condensed water, 4) turbulent mixing, and 5) subsidence. The modeled formation of continental polar air is dominated by the radiative cooling due to emission by ice crystals and water droplets. The model reproduces the formation of low-level clouds that are frequently observed in these cold air masses, and also the phenomenon of ?cloudless? ice crystal precipitation. The model requires two weeks for the formation of fully-developed continental polar air, although after only four days of cooling the air has acquired most of the air mass properties. The rate of cooling is shown to be very sensitive to the amount of condensed water in the atmosphere. Condensate is produced in the model primarily by radiative cooling, and is depleted from the atmosphere primarily by gravitational settling. Gravitational settling of the condensate significantly increase the amount of radiative cooling by decreasing the opacity of the condensate. Subsidence modifies the formation of continental polar air by reducing the supply of moisture for condensation, thus influencing the radiative cooling.
publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
titleOn the Formation of Continental Polar Air
typeJournal Paper
journal volume40
journal issue9
journal titleJournal of the Atmospheric Sciences
identifier doi10.1175/1520-0469(1983)040<2278:OTFOCP>2.0.CO;2
journal fristpage2278
journal lastpage2292
treeJournal of the Atmospheric Sciences:;1983:;Volume( 040 ):;issue: 009
contenttypeFulltext


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