Coherent Polarization-Diversity Radar Techniques in Meteorology

Abstract

A coherent polarization-diversity (dual channel) radar can be used to obtain spectral functions analogous to the four parameters derived from a noncoherent polarization-diversity radar. Formulations for the two power spectra and the cross spectrum are developed theoretically, and their interpretation is illustrated by model calculations. Analytical results include the derivation of raindrop size distributions, separation of Doppler velocity components due to air velocity and raindrop fallspeed, and improved identification of hail in rain. Effects of turbulence are illustrated and propagation effects are discussed briefly. The coherent polarization-diversity radar has potential value for a wide variety of research areas, including weather modification, severe storms, precipitation microphysics and electromagnetic propagation.