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contributor authorAnderson, Kenneth D.
date accessioned2017-06-09T14:20:09Z
date available2017-06-09T14:20:09Z
date copyright2000/08/01
date issued2000
identifier issn0739-0572
identifier otherams-1750.pdf
identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4153401
description abstractA nonintrusive remote sensing method to measure water level is examined. It relies on the fact that water is a good reflector of radio frequency energy, thus, on a satellite-to-ground path when the satellite is near the horizon, a readily detectable interference pattern is formed as the satellite moves through its orbit. Provided that the elevation angles from the ground-based receiver to the satellite are small enough for good reflection but not so small that atmospheric refractive effects contribute, the shape of this interference pattern is strongly related to the geometry of propagation. Results from interferometric observations of Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite signals are presented for two sets of measurements where the receiving antenna varied from 7 to 10 m above the nominal water surface. These results, compared to in situ or nearby tide gauges, show that water level is measured to an accuracy of about 12 cm. A GPS receiver, a laptop computer, and a clear over-water path to the horizon are all that is needed to provide an affordable means for tracking water levels or ocean tides.
publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
titleDetermination of Water Level and Tides Using Interferometric Observations of GPS Signals
typeJournal Paper
journal volume17
journal issue8
journal titleJournal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology
identifier doi10.1175/1520-0426(2000)017<1118:DOWLAT>2.0.CO;2
journal fristpage1118
journal lastpage1127
treeJournal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology:;2000:;volume( 017 ):;issue: 008
contenttypeFulltext


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