Modeling Raindrop Size Distribution and Z(R) Relations in the Western Mediterranean Area

Abstract

This study shows the results of the modeling of drop size distributions (DSD) observed during a 2-yr study in Barcelona. Thirty-second individual sample collections of drop sizes and velocities were measured with an optical disdrometer and grouped into different classes according to their rain rate. Using the moments method, the entire experimental dataset was fitted to three standard distribution functions: exponential, gamma, and lognormal. Relationships were found between rain rate R and other moments of the DSD, such as optical attenuation Σ, liquid water content W, and reflectivity Z. Although gamma distribution generally reproduced experimental measurements more accurately, the Z(R) relationship, which is particularly relevant in radar meteorology, yielded the best results when calculated from fitted exponential distribution.