Stability and Wave Transmission at Low‐Crested Rubble‐Mound Structures

Abstract

Low‐crested structures can be classified in three categories: dynamically stable reef breakwaters, statically stable low‐crested structures with their crest above still‐water level (SWL), and statically stable submerged structures. This paper presents practical design formulas and graphs with respect to the stability for each of the three classes. In addition, formulas were developed to predict wave transmission over low‐crested rubble mound structures, taking into account the crest height and width, wave height and wave steepness. Most available data sets of various investigations from all over the world were reanalyzed in order to produce the design formulas. The reliability of each formula is described.