Journal of Meteorology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 181-200 of 1291
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THE MEASUREMENT OF WINDS BETWEEN 100,000 AND 300,000 FT BY USE OF CHAFF ROCKETS
(American Meteorological Society, 1960)During July and August, 1958, a total of 20 wind observations was made at altitudes between 100,000 and 300,000 ft at Johnston Island in the Pacific Ocean. In addition, three observations were made at Tonopah, Nevada in ... -
MEASUREMENTS OF INFRARED RADIATION DIVERGENCE IN THE ATMOSPHERE WITH THE DOUBLE-RADIOMETER AND THE BLACK BALL
(American Meteorological Society, 1960)A double-radiometer for measuring infrared radiation divergence in the atmosphere is described. Three soundings with this instrument and the black ball are compared. General agreement exists between the radiometer divergence ... -
DIRECT ABSORPTION OF SOLAR RADIATION BY ATMOSPHERIC WATER VAPOR
(American Meteorological Society, 1960)A review of Fowle's solar-absorption studies reveals that no pressure corrections must be applied to the familiar Fowle band-absorptivity curves since these were obtained by methods that automatically corrected them to ... -
THE ALEUTIAN STRATOSPHERIC ANTICYCLONE
(American Meteorological Society, 1960)The dominant feature of the 1958?59 polar-night circulation was the intense warm anticyclone which developed over the Aleutian-Alaskan area in October. The anticyclone persisted throughout the winter acting as an anchor ... -
THE USE OF POTENTIAL REFRACTIVE INDEX IN SYNOPTIC-SCALE RADIO METEOROLOGY
(American Meteorological Society, 1960)The concept of potential refractive index is examined in the light of earlier work and of the present emphasis on synoptic-scale radio meteorology. A new potential refractive index is defined and illustrated. It is concluded ... -
SOME ESTIMATES OF THE POWER SPECTRA OF LARGE-SCALE DISTURBANCES IN LOW LATITUDES
(American Meteorological Society, 1960)Power spectra, covering a range of periods of from 1.2 to 30 days, of the zonal- and meridional-wind components at the 5000- and 40,000-ft levels at seven low latitude stations are presented. A brief discussion of the ... -
RADAR DETECTION OF THE SEA BREEZE
(American Meteorological Society, 1960)Radar and meteorological observations of four sea-breeze cases are presented. A clear-cut association between the echoes and the meteorological events is demonstrated. Where direct measurements are not available, the echo ... -
CALCULATIONS OF ATMOSPHERIC INFRARED RADIATION AS SEEN FROM A METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITE
(American Meteorological Society, 1960)Since certain constituents (water vapor, ozone, carbon dioxide, etc.) of the atmosphere have pronounced absorption and emission bands in the infrared region of the spectrum, the radiation which is radiated upward from the ... -
THE MOTION AND EROSION OF CONVECTIVE STORMS IN SEVERE VERTICAL WIND SHEAR
(American Meteorological Society, 1960)Well developed thunderstorms were observed by CAPPI-equipped radar to remain upright even in the presence of severe wind shear. Instead of being strongly bent by the shear, parts of the storm appeared to be carried off by ... -
ON THE COALESCENCE BETWEEN PLANE SNOW CRYSTALS
(American Meteorological Society, 1960)The calculations of the probability of coalescence between two plane snow crystals is described in detail. As the result of calculation, it was concluded that this probability is minimum when two crystals are of the same ... -
DETERMINATION OF LONG-WAVE ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION
(American Meteorological Society, 1960)The total long-wave radiation flux measurements for eighteen nights are compared with the values obtained by using two types of radiation charts. It is found that the Suomi total radiometer yields values of the downward ... -
MOISTURE EXCHANGE BETWEEN THE ATMOSPHERE AND ALPINE SNOW SURFACES UNDER SUMMER CONDITIONS (Preliminary Results)
(American Meteorological Society, 1960)In order to determine how much of the summer ablation of alpine snowfields was caused by evaporation, known quantities of snow were exposed to the atmosphere in two types of plastic containers. A net gain of moisture was ... -
A METHOD OF REPRESENTING THE HORIZONTAL PRESSURE FORCE WITHOUT REDUCTION OF STATION PRESSURES TO SEA LEVEL
(American Meteorological Society, 1960)A coordinate system is presented in which the lowest coordinate surface represents the topography of the earth. Higher coordinate surfaces reflect this topography in diminishing degrees and become isobaric at and above the ... -
ABSORPTION OF ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION BY WATER FILMS AND WATER CLOUDS
(American Meteorological Society, 1960)Spectrally averaged infrared absorptivities of thin water films are computed using recent spectrometric results. A water film 5 µ thick irradiated at normal incidence with 0C blackbody radiation is found to have a total ... -
NUMERICAL PROGNOSIS INCLUDING NON-ADIABATIC WARMING
(American Meteorological Society, 1960)A model for numerical prediction of the 1000-mb surface is developed which includes a term expressing the interchange of sensible heat between the air and the underlying surface as well as the effect of terrain-induced ... -
REDUCTION OF DIURNAL VARIATION IN THE REPORTED TEMPERATURES AND HEIGHTS OF STRATOSPHERIC CONSTANT-PRESSURE SURFACES
(American Meteorological Society, 1960)Because temperature and height data reported by different types of radiosondes at constant-pressure surfaces high in the synoptic stratosphere are often incompatible, an empirical study has been made of diurnal changes ... -
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN OZONE AND METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN THE LOWER STRATOSPHERE
(American Meteorological Society, 1960)Relationships between atmospheric ozone and meteorological parameters in the lower stratosphere over Europe are studied. Correlation coefficients between total ozone amount and temperature, geopotential height, and north-south ... -
ROOTS OF OROGRAPHIC CUMULI
(American Meteorological Society, 1960)In an effort to disentangle the ?orographic barrier? and ?high-level heat source? effects, as they may combine to lead to the development of summer convective clouds over mountains, a series of measurements was undertaken ... -
TRANSFER OF MOMENTUM VORTICITY AND THE MAINTENANCE OF ZONAL CIRCULATION IN THE ATMOSPHERE
(American Meteorological Society, 1960)The properties of the volume integral of momentum vorticity are examined. These results are applied to the study of the maintenance of zonal circulation of a polar cap. It is shown that the rate of change of the vertical ... -
A PREDICTION AND DECISION METHOD FOR APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY, BASED PARTLY ON THE THEORY OF GAMES
(American Meteorological Society, 1960)With the aid of examples, a prediction and decision method is described for use in applied meteorology or climatology where economic consequences have been evaluated beforehand. The predictand, which may be a single variable ...