Browsing Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences by Title
Now showing items 1-20 of 13215
-
10 to 12 μm Spectral Emissivity of a Cirrus Cloud
(American Meteorological Society, 1974)A balloon flight made 4 February 1970 with an infrared spectral radiometer system scanning from 10 to 13 ?m ascended through an extensive cirrus cloud. This allowed measurements to be made of the spectral radiance of the ... -
3D Chaotic Model for Subgrid Turbulent Dispersion in Large Eddy Simulations
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)A 3D multiscale kinematic velocity field is introduced as a model to simulate Lagrangian turbulent dispersion. The incompressible velocity field is a nonlinear deterministic function, periodic in space and time, that ... -
3D Radiative Transfer in Weakly Inhomogeneous Medium. Part II: Discrete Ordinate Method and Effective Algorithm for Its Inversion
(American Meteorological Society, 2000)The forward discrete ordinate method (DOM) has been reformulated to include effects of a weak inhomogeneity of a medium. The modification is based on an expansion of the direct beam source term. This treatment of the source ... -
A 1D Theoretical Analysis of Northerly Low-Level Jets over the Great Plains
(American Meteorological Society, 2017)AbstractThe forcing of northerly low-level jets over the eastward-sloped terrain of the U.S. Great Plains was studied using a one-dimensional (1D) nonstationary analytical model based on the Boussinesq-approximated equations ... -
A 32-km Moist Primitive Equation Model Providing for Scale Interaction
(American Meteorological Society, 1973)A numerical model has been developed in an effort to simulate the interaction between quasi-geostrophic and mesoscale forcing. Initializations performed at 127 km with either a diagnostic omega equation or barotropic ... -
A Balanced Approximation of the One-Layer Shallow-Water Equations on a Sphere
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)A global version of the equivalent barotropic vorticity equation is derived for the one-layer shallow-water equations on a sphere. The equation has the same form as the corresponding beta plane version, but with one important ... -
A Baroclinic Instability that Couples Balanced Motions and Gravity Waves
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)Normal modes of a linear vertical shear (Eady shear) are studied within the linearized primitive equations for a rotating stratified fluid above a rigid lower boundary. The authors' interest is in modes having an inertial ... -
A Baroclinic Laminar State for Rotating Stratified Flows
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)A baroclinic laminar model is developed as the late-time equilibrium state in the free decay of rotating stratified turbulence under low-Froude-number scaling. Vertical motions are suppressed by stratification and ambient ... -
A Baroclinic Mechanism for the Eddy Feedback on the Zonal Index
(American Meteorological Society, 2000)A baroclinic mechanism for the positive eddy feedback on the zonal index is proposed. The author considers the quasigeostrophic response of the zonally averaged flow to forcing by baroclinic eddies. The transient response ... -
A Barotropic Envelope Rossby Soliton Model for Block–Eddy Interaction. Part I: Effect of Topography
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)A new forced envelope Rossby soliton model in an equivalent barotropic beta-plane channel is proposed to describe the interaction between an incipient block (planetary scale) and short synoptic-scale eddies. This model is ... -
A Barotropic Envelope Rossby Soliton Model for Block–Eddy Interaction. Part II: Role of Westward-Traveling Planetary Waves
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)The role of westward-traveling planetary waves in the block onset and the deformation of eddies during the interaction between synoptic-scale eddies and an incipient block is first examined by constructing an incipient ... -
A Barotropic Envelope Rossby Soliton Model for Block–Eddy Interaction. Part III: Wavenumber Conservation Theorems for Isolated Blocks and Deformed Eddies
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)In a series of previous papers, an envelope Rossby soliton theory was formulated to investigate the interaction between a preexisting planetary wave and synoptic-scale eddies leading to a typical blocking flow. In this ... -
A Barotropic Envelope Rossby Soliton Model for Block–Eddy Interaction. Part IV: Block Activity and Its Linkage with a Sheared Environment
(American Meteorological Society, 2005)In this paper, a basic-state flow that has a linear, weak meridional shear is used as a mean flow condition to see if the blocking activity is related to the state of the zonal mean flow based upon the envelope soliton ... -
A Barotropic Model of the Angular Momentum–Conserving Potential Vorticity Staircase in Spherical Geometry
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)An idealized analytical model of the barotropic potential vorticity (PV) staircase is constructed, constrained by global conservation of absolute angular momentum, perfect homogenization of PV in mixing zones between ... -
A Barotropic Model of the Interaction between the Hadley Cell and a Rossby Wave
(American Meteorological Society, 1989)A barotropic model is described that is designed to study the interaction of the Hadley cell with a Rossby wave forced in midlatitudes by a stationary ?topographic? source. The Hadley cell is driven by a mass source/sink ... -
A Barotropic Stability Study of Free and Forced Planetary Waves
(American Meteorological Society, 1986)The stability of free and forced planetary waves in a ? plane channel is investigated with a barotropic model. The equilibrium flows that are considered have the gravest possible scale in the meridional direction and a ... -
A Bayesian Examination of Deep Convective Squall-Line Sensitivity to Changes in Cloud Microphysical Parameters
(American Meteorological Society, 2015)eep convective cloud content, precipitation distribution and rate, dynamics, and radiative fluxes are known to be sensitive to the details of liquid- and ice-phase cloud microphysical processes. Previous studies have ... -
A Bootstrap Technique for Testing the Relationship between Local-Scale Radar Observations of Cloud Occurrence and Large-Scale Atmospheric Fields
(American Meteorological Society, 2006)A classification scheme is created to map the synoptic-scale (large scale) atmospheric state to distributions of local-scale cloud properties. This mapping is accomplished by a neural network that classifies 17 months of ... -
A Boundary-Layer Model for Mars: Comparison with Viking Lander and Entry Data
(American Meteorological Society, 1993)A one-dimensional boundary-layer model for Mars is described, and its results are compared with Viking data. The model equations are similar to Earth boundary-layer models in that they include contributions from Coriolis, ... -
A Bulk Parameterization of Giant CCN
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)A parameterization for giant cloud condensation nuclei (GCCN), suitable for use in bulk microphysical models, has been developed that uses precise representations of the condensational growth of aerosol particles in the ...