Temperature‐Dependent Bridge Movements

Abstract

The response of bridges exposed to thermal environment conditions is studied. Analytical methods are developed to obtain temperature distributions and the maximum bridge temperature ranges. Thermoelastic analysis is conducted to obtain the temperature induced movements and the associated stresses in bridges. Parametric studies are conducted for different bridge geometries, temperature distributions, and support conditions. A field test is conducted on a bridge to verify the analytical models. The analysis suggests that concrete bridges sometimes are designed for smaller temperature ranges and corresponding thermal movements than may be expected in practice. The analysis suggests that steel bridges with composite concrete decks sometimes are designed for larger temperature ranges and thermal movements than may be expected at many locations in the United States. Skew and curved bridges often exhibit magnitude and direction of movement that is different than commonly expected. Additional guidelines and recommendations are provided regarding the analysis required to accurately predict thermal movements and the placement of bearings and expansion joints. This study will help engineers better understand thermal movements and stresses developed in bridges.