Earthquake Resistant Tensile Lap Splices

Abstract

A review of current code requirements on lap splices and their limitations in seismic design is presented. A simple analytical model of an embedded bar is examined and correlated with available experimental data. The force transfer mechanisms of lap splices and the effects of properly placed transverse reinforcement to avoid brittle failure are studied. The author concluded that: (1) Concentrated transverse reinforcement at the ends of lap splices and in contact with the longitudinal reinforcement is structurally beneficial; and (2) sharp offset bends must be avoided to prevent fatigue failure in the lapped reinforcement and to prevent excessive bursting forces in concrete in the event of severe tensile load reversals.