Characteristics of Supercritical Flow below Sluice Gate

Abstract

Supercritical flow below a sluice gate in a horizontal smooth rectangular channel is investigated to explain the effect of the inflow condition on the characteristics of the hydraulic jump. The movement of jump location to variations of tailwater level is also examined so the position of the jump in a horizontal apron can be stabilized. The distributions of mean velocities and turbulence intensities were obtained with a laser Doppler velocitymeter for a wide range of supercritical Froude numbers. The development of the turbulent boundary layer, the water‐surface profile, and the location of the critical point (the point where the limit of the boundary layer crosses the water surface) are predicted by an approach to the boundary‐layer analysis, and the agreement of those observations with the experimental data is presented. Using the analyzed water‐surface profiles, the movement of jump location to variations of tailwater level is predicted accurately and verified by laboratory experiments.