Division of Flow in Short Open Channel Branches

Abstract

A theoretical model for division of flow in a short branch channel set at right angles to a main channel is presented for various width ratios of the branch channel to the main channel. The model is developed using the principles of momentum, energy, and continuity and is based on the existence of free flow conditions in the branch channel. The analysis makes use of the similarity of flow configuration between the division of flow in a branch channel and in a twodimensional lateral conduit outlet fitted with a barrier. This similarity of flow is used to estimate the contraction coefficient of the converging jet entering the branch channel. The ratio of the branch channel flow to the main channel flow is related to the Froude number in the main channel section downstream of the junction. Data from present experimental studies and those from earlier investigations are presented to validate the theoretical model.