Initial Dilution of Horizontal Jet in Crossflow

Abstract

Available data on the initial dilution of a horizontal round buoyant jet in a perpendicular crossflow are successfully interpreted using length scales and mathematical models. The database consists of in situ measurements of surface dilution in the sewage boil at a number of sea outfalls in the United Kingdom, as well as limited laboratory experimental data. Simple equations for the prediction of minimum initial dilution in an ambient current are well‐supported by the collective data. The dilution constants obtained are comparable to but greater than those derived from previous laboratory experiments of a vertical negatively buoyant jet in a crossflow. A correlation for the downstream location of minimum dilution is also provided. The results reported herein can be readily used in outfall design.