One-Dimensional Finite-Element Model for High Flow Velocities in Porous Media

Abstract

This paper presents a one-dimensional (1D) finite-element model for the estimation of ground-water flow through a valley fill. The model determines the piezometric head profile as well as velocities through a waste rock impound. There are serious environmental concerns for a receiving water course due to the effects from acid and sediment generation by these facilities. Understanding ground-water characteristics as it flows through these facilities is the first step in designing safe tailings impound facilities. Flow through a valley fill is nonDarcian due to the large grain sizes and high velocities and requires an alternate energy-loss equation. The Forchheimer equation was used as the basis of the finite-element model. The finite-element model used 1D linear bar elements and required an interative solution due to the nonlinear nature of the problem. Accuracy of the model has been verified by an analytical solution to a more specific problem. A sensitivity analysis showed that the results were most sensitive to the porosity and